WWII World War I Part Two

Introduction:  Most devastating war in human history 55 million dead 1 trillion dollars  Began in 1939 as strictly a European Conflict Widened to include most of the world

How It Began  Lots of factors  WWI leftovers Germany defeated in and had to pay cost of war. In huge economic depression Italy victorious but wanted more territory Japan victorious but wanted China  Outside factors…

What Were These Outside Factors?  Germany reduced size  League of Nations  French and British unsure  U.S. isolationist

Hitler Gets Busy  Gestapo Created -- April, 1933  Jewish Boycott – April, 1933  Jewish Books Banned & Burned – May, 1933  27,000 People in Camps – July, 1933  60,000 People in Camps – 1938  Illegal to Leave Germany – October, 1941

 1933 – First Anti-Jewish laws  1935 – Nurenburg Race laws strip Jews of citizenship  1938 – Kristallnacht: Night of shattered glass – a young Jewish man kills a member of the German embassy in Paris and Nazis use this as an excuse of retaliation.  SS reported 7500 businesses destroyed, 267 synagogues burned, 91 Jews killed and 25,000 deported.

Kristallnacht and Ghetto

Ghettos  The remaining Jews in Germany were forced to live in Ghettos.  Their property was seized and given to Aryans.

German Territorial Gains  Austria – March, Anschluss  Border of Czechoslovakia – Sept., 1938  All of Czechoslovakia – March, 1939  APPEASEMENT  Poland – Sept., 1939  By Summer of 1940, Germany Controlled Most of Europe World shocked as France falls to Germans

Those Dumb Enough To Ally  Stalin and the Soviet Union, 1939 Betrayed by 1941  Mussolini and Italy, 1939 Off and on betrayed until Italian defeat in 1943

Benito Mussolini founded the Fascist party. Fascists glorified the state, supported aggressive nationalism, and condemned democracy because they believed rival parties divided the state.

“An Alliance That Changes War”  Germany “allies” with Japan  Japan was “China Hungry”  Japanese angry over U.S. support of China  Agreed to peace negotiations with U. S.

Pearl Harbor - Dec. 7, 1941 Take a look at Japanese video of the bombing of Pearl Harbor

U. S. Involved In War “Do not wake a sleeping giant.” U.S. declares war on the Empire of Japan. Doesn’t enter European theater until 1943.

Atlantic Charter August 1941

Allies United: U.S.S.R, England and The U.S.

Theaters of WWII  Russian – Soviet Union and Germany  Italian  French  North Africa  Pacific – U.S. and Japan

Eastern Front Battle for Stalingrad  Video on World War II - Stalingrad Video on World War II - Stalingrad

Normandy Invasion, D-Day June 6, 1944

D-Day Landing on Normandy Beach Nazi forces now in a squeeze play between Allied forces

April 1945  Soviet troops reach Berlin  Battle of Berlin Battle of Berlin  Soviets defeat Nazi forces  April 30 – Hitler commits suicide

V-E Day Germany Surrenders May 8, 1945

Holocaust

War Continues in Pacific

Japanese soldiers on blockaded islands

Atomic Bomb Hiroshima (8/6/45) and Nagasaki (8/9/45)

Atomic Bomb Read a survivor's account of the bombing

Japan Surrenders 14 August 1945 Japanese Foreign Minister Mamoru Shigemitsu

Japan Surrenders  On August 15 the Emperor of Japan broadcast his acceptance of the Potsdam Proclamation, which on July 26, 1945, had set forth the Allies' terms for ending the war. In his address to the nation the Emperor cited that the Americans had "begun to employ a new and most cruel bomb, the power of which to do damage is indeed incalculable" and that this, along with the "war situation," was the reason for his accepting the surrender terms.