Density. Introduction We can see the difference in density of different materials when we look at... wood floating on water helium balloons floating.

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Presentation transcript:

Density

Introduction

We can see the difference in density of different materials when we look at... wood floating on water helium balloons floating in the air

Introduction We can see the difference in density of different materials when we look at... iron sinking in water lava lamps

Introduction

Properties

Density is an intensive property of matter. The density of matter does not depend on the amount of matter. Density does depend on the composition of the matter

Properties Density is the mass of the matter divided by the volume of the matter. The density of matter generally decreases as the temperature of the matter increases. D = mVmV

Properties The density of some materials is given in this chart: Material D (g/mL) Material D (g/L) gold19.3 carbon dioxide 1.83 mercury13.6argon1.66 lead11.4air1.20 copper8.86helium0.166 corn oil0.922hydrogen0.084 water1.000methane0.665

Properties

Doing the Math

Density is the mass of the matter divided by the volume of the matter. The volume of matter is the mass divided by the density. The mass of matter is the density times the volume. D = mVmV V = mDmD m = DV

Doing the Math

Examples

Example 1:

Examples Example 1: A block of wood has a length of 15 cm, a width of 10. cm, and a height of 5.0 cm. The block also has a mass of 340 g. What is the density of the block?

Examples Example 1: A block of wood has a length of 15 cm, a width of 10. cm, and a height of 5.0 cm. The block also has a mass of 340 g. What is the density of the block? V = lwh = (15 cm)(10. cm)(5.0 cm)

Examples Example 1: A block of wood has a length of 15 cm, a width of 10. cm, and a height of 5.0 cm. The block also has a mass of 340 g. What is the density of the block? V = lwh = (15 cm)(10. cm)(5.0 cm) = 750 cm 3

Examples Example 1: A block of wood has a length of 15 cm, a width of 10. cm, and a height of 5.0 cm. The block also has a mass of 340 g. What is the density of the block? D = m V V = lwh = (15 cm)(10. cm)(5.0 cm) = 750 cm 3

Examples Example 1: A block of wood has a length of 15 cm, a width of 10. cm, and a height of 5.0 cm. The block also has a mass of 340 g. What is the density of the block? D = = m 340 g V 750 cm 3 V = lwh = (15 cm)(10. cm)(5.0 cm) = 750 cm 3

Examples Example 1: A block of wood has a length of 15 cm, a width of 10. cm, and a height of 5.0 cm. The block also has a mass of 340 g. What is the density of the block? D = = = g/cm 3 m 340 g V 750 cm 3 V = lwh = (15 cm)(10. cm)(5.0 cm) = 750 cm 3

Examples Example 1: A block of wood has a length of 15 cm, a width of 10. cm, and a height of 5.0 cm. The block also has a mass of 340 g. What is the density of the block? D = = = g/cm 3 = 0.45 g/cm 3 m 340 g V 750 cm 3 V = lwh = (15 cm)(10. cm)(5.0 cm) = 750 cm 3

Examples Example 1: A block of wood has a length of 15 cm, a width of 10. cm, and a height of 5.0 cm. The block also has a mass of 340 g. What is the density of the block? D = = = g/cm 3 = 0.45 g/cm 3 m 340 g V 750 cm 3 V = lwh = (15 cm)(10. cm)(5.0 cm) = 750 cm 3

Examples

Example 2:

Examples Example 2: A block of lead has a mass of 37.4 g. Lead has a density of 11.4 g/cm 3. What is the volume of the block?

Example 2: A block of lead has a mass of 37.4 g. Lead has a density of 11.4 g/cm 3. What is the volume of the block? Examples D = m V

Example 2: A block of lead has a mass of 37.4 g. Lead has a density of 11.4 g/cm 3. What is the volume of the block? Examples D = ➔ V = m V D

Example 2: A block of lead has a mass of 37.4 g. Lead has a density of 11.4 g/cm 3. What is the volume of the block? Examples D = ➔ V = = m m 37.4 g V D 11.4 g/cm 3

Example 2: A block of lead has a mass of 37.4 g. Lead has a density of 11.4 g/cm 3. What is the volume of the block? Examples D = ➔ V = = = cm 3 m m 37.4 g V D 11.4 g/cm 3

Example 2: A block of lead has a mass of 37.4 g. Lead has a density of 11.4 g/cm 3. What is the volume of the block? Examples D = ➔ V = = = cm 3 m m 37.4 g V D 11.4 g/cm 3 V = 3.28 cm 3

Example 2: A block of lead has a mass of 37.4 g. Lead has a density of 11.4 g/cm 3. What is the volume of the block? V = 3.28 cm 3 Examples D = ➔ V = = = cm 3 m m 37.4 g V D 11.4 g/cm 3

Examples

Example 3:

Examples Example 3: What is the mass of a 20.0 cm length of copper wire with a density of 8.86 g/cm 3 and a radius of cm? The volume of a cylinder is V = πr 2 l

Examples Example 3: What is the mass of a 20.0 cm length of copper wire with a density of 8.86 g/cm 3 and a radius of cm? The volume of a cylinder is V = πr 2 l V = πr 2 l

Examples Example 3: What is the mass of a 20.0 cm length of copper wire with a density of 8.86 g/cm 3 and a radius of cm? The volume of a cylinder is V = πr 2 l V = πr 2 l = π( cm) 2 (20.0 cm)

Examples Example 3: What is the mass of a 20.0 cm length of copper wire with a density of 8.86 g/cm 3 and a radius of cm? The volume of a cylinder is V = πr 2 l V = πr 2 l = π( cm) 2 (20.0 cm) = cm 3

Examples Example 3: What is the mass of a 20.0 cm length of copper wire with a density of 8.86 g/cm 3 and a radius of cm? The volume of a cylinder is V = πr 2 l V = πr 2 l = π( cm) 2 (20.0 cm) = cm 3 D = m V

Examples Example 3: What is the mass of a 20.0 cm length of copper wire with a density of 8.86 g/cm 3 and a radius of cm? The volume of a cylinder is V = πr 2 l V = πr 2 l = π( cm) 2 (20.0 cm) = cm 3 D = ➔ m V

Examples Example 3: What is the mass of a 20.0 cm length of copper wire with a density of 8.86 g/cm 3 and a radius of cm? The volume of a cylinder is V = πr 2 l V = πr 2 l = π( cm) 2 (20.0 cm) = cm 3 D = ➔ m = DV m V

Examples Example 3: What is the mass of a 20.0 cm length of copper wire with a density of 8.86 g/cm 3 and a radius of cm? The volume of a cylinder is V = πr 2 l V = πr 2 l = π( cm) 2 (20.0 cm) = cm 3 D = ➔ m = DV = (8.86 g/cm 3 )(0.157 cm 3 ) m V

Examples Example 3: What is the mass of a 20.0 cm length of copper wire with a density of 8.86 g/cm 3 and a radius of cm? The volume of a cylinder is V = πr 2 l V = πr 2 l = π( cm) 2 (20.0 cm) = cm 3 D = ➔ m = DV = (8.86 g/cm 3 )(0.157 cm 3 ) m V m = 1.39 g

Examples Example 3: What is the mass of a 20.0 cm length of copper wire with a density of 8.86 g/cm 3 and a radius of cm? The volume of a cylinder is V = πr 2 l V = πr 2 l = π( cm) 2 (20.0 cm) = cm 3 D = ➔ m = DV = (8.86 g/cm 3 )(0.157 cm 3 ) m V m = 1.39 g