Goal 8 Terms

: pride in your country; belief that your country is the best Nationalism : extreme growth of the military in a country Militarism : agreements between countries: Triple alliance: Germany, A- H, Italy; Triple Entente: France, England, Russia Alliances : Terrorists from this country assassinated Franz Ferdinand of A-H leading to beginning of WW I Serbia : heir to throne of A-H; Was assassinated by members of the “Black Hand” Archduke Francis Ferdinand : led to US entry into WW I; hurt Germany’s reputation U-Boat submarine warfare : England, France, Russia, Serbia, later also the US Allies

: Germany, A-H, Ottoman Empire (Turkey), and Bulgaria Central Powers : leader of Germany during WW I Kaiser Wilhelm II : illegal material captured during wartime Contraband : British passenger liner sunk by German U-boat; Many killed including many Americans Lusitania : German offer to Mexico for an alliance if they would attack US; British intelligence found out and we declared war on Germany Zimmerman Telegram : preparing for warfare; industrialization, the draft, financing, etc. Mobilization : Wilson won a second term after “keeping us out of war” Election of 1916 : President during WW I Woodrow Wilson

: were against US entry into WW I. Isolationists : the draft; 2.4 million men drafted; all men had to register Selective Service Act : first woman elected to the House of Representatives; was a pacifist; voted against US declaration of war in WWI, and was the only person to vote against the declaration of war in WWII Jeanette Rankin : This was the goal of the US in WW I according to Pres. Wilson “Make the world safe for democracy : belief that we could make things much better than they were today Idealism : leader of the AEF; led during entire war John J. Pershing : army sent to Europe by the US during WWI; fought at Cantigny, Chateau-Thierry, Second Battle of the Marne, etc American Expeditionary Force

: main type of fighting during WWI because of superior weapons such as machine guns, poison gas, tanks, long range artillery; Trench warfare : area between the trenches “No Man’s Land” : poisonous gas used during WWI; called so because of taste if you were exposed to it Mustard gas : nickname of US soldiers in WWI Doughboys : cease fire; Nov 11, 1911 at 11 a.m. Armistice : These would hopefully keep war from occurring again; included no secret treaties; freedom of the seas; smaller armies; less colonies; League of Nations Fourteen Points (1-5, 14) : Clemenceau (France), Wilson (US), Orlando (Italy), Lloyd George (England) leaders of Peace conference at Versailles “The Big Four”

: another war aim for Wilson; hoped to end WW I without totally destroying the losing side “Peace without victory : Bolsheviks took over Russia and overthrew the Czar and turned the govt over to the Communists Russian and Bolshevik Revolutions : ended WWI; Germany had to take blame for the war and pay reparations and remain disarmed Treaty of Versailles : world organization started after WWI to stop nations from going to war; US never joined it and USSR and Germany also did not join League of Nations : Republican leader of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee; added the Lodge reservations and kept the Senate from ratifying the Treaty of Versailles Henry Cabot Lodge : Direct election of US Senators 17th Amendment : Prohibition 18th Amendment : Women’s Suffrage 19th Amendment

: labor union who went on strike during WWI and many were jailed for Sedition as a result; nicknamed the “Wobblies” Industrial workers of the World : Wilson’s goal for colonies and huge countries made up of many different nationalities; happened to an extent with the formaton of several small countries in E. Europe such as Czechoslovakia, Latvia, Finland, etc Self-determination : in charge of propaganda during WWI; told of US war aims, Committee on Public Information/George Creel : was in charge of increasing food production during WWI to feed the army and the refugees in Europe; many voluntary things; such as wheatless and meatless days, victory gardens, etc Food Administration/Herbert Hoover : in charge of mobilization of industry to a wartime preparedness; War Industries Board/Bernard Baruch : had a resurgence after WWI because of fears of communism and massive new immigration Ku Klux Klan

: A Mitchell Palmer was the Atty Gen of the US and led a massive hunt to deport suspected communists and socialists from the US during the Red Scare after WWI Palmer/Palmer Raids : set fines and prison terms for persons who interfered with the sale of war bonds, interfered with production, or criticized the government Espionage and Sedition Acts : Socialist who was jailed for an antiwar speech during WWI Eugene V. Debs : Supreme Court decision saying that Congress had a right to interfere with speech that presented a clear and present danger to the security of the US; upheld the Sedition Act Schenck v United States, 1919 : anarchist immigrants who were convicted and executed for the robbery and murder of a paymaster in Braintree, Mass. Sacco and Vanzetti

: founder of the UMW; later founded the CIO. John L. Lewis (United Mine Workers : US and several countries agreed to limit the size of their navies during the 1920s Washington Naval Conference : plan to have US banks loan money to Germany so they could pay reparations to European countries Dawes Plan