Erickson’s Model of Psychological Development Matt Lehmann TE 407

Stage 1: Trust vs. Mistrust Basic strengths that come out of stage are hope and drive Occurs from birth to 18 months of age Referred to as oral infancy stage, where basic emphasis for baby is on visual contact and touch Emphasis also on mother acting as caregiver and meeting all needs of baby Baby learns to trust world because of this love and support Without this loving care, baby will learn to mistrust world and be weary about future Most significant relationship is with mother

Stage 2: Autonomy vs. Shame 18 months to 3 years old Time when children are trying to master basic bodily skills for themselves such as toilet training, talking, feeding ourselves If children are successful at being independent at these activities, they will gain autonomy and have high self esteem Children will gain shame and doubt if they cannot master these processes on own Most significant relationship is with parents Strengths that come out of this stage are self control and will

Stage 3: Initiative vs. Guilt 3-5 years of age Children in this stage try to emulate adults in real life situations If successful, they will develop initiative in which they will feel like they are capable of doing those things on own If not successful, then they will feel guilty that they cannot do these activities as well as adults Basic strengths of stage are purpose Relationship is with basic family

Stage 4: Industry vs. Inferiority 6-12 years of age, basic strengths are competence Social developmental stage in which children find out how adequate they are socially with peers in term of working at school with them, and during play time If children feel this adequacy, they will feel very confident about these abilities for future If children are not adequate socially, they will feel inferior to rest of peers Basic relationships are with peers at school and neighborhood

Stage 5: Identity vs. Role Confusion years old, devotion are strengths, Adolescents try to find out what their identity is separate from their parents, but the same as the greater society This comes out of the fact that they are not a child any more, but also not yet an adult yet If adolescent is successful at finding identity, than they feel very good about oneself If cannot figure out who they are, then feel a sense of role confusion Peer groups as basic relationships

Stage 6: Intimacy vs. Isolation years of age, strengths are love People in this stage need to feel a sense of love by our friends and in relationships If they cannot find this love, they will feel a sense of loneliness and isolation If they do, then they will feel a sense of intimacy and happiness Basic relationship: marital partners and friends

Stage 7: Generativity vs. Stagnation Ages of 35-65, basic strengths are care and production These people feel the need to care for their family and be productive in a way that betters the society as a whole If they can accomplish this, they will feel a sense of generativity If they cannot, then they will feel their lives are stagnant and meaningless Basic relationships are community and family

Stage 8: Integrity vs. Despair Ages 65 to death, strengths are wisdom These people need to know that the world was a better place because of them If they feel like they did not know their purpose for living, then they will feel despair If they can feel very good about their life, then they will feel a sense of integrity and happiness Basic relationship is with all mankind