NID Data Model based on HUC CE394K.3 Term Project by Seungwon Won December 7, 2000

Agenda Dam Design Motivation National Inventory of Dams (NID) Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Work Procedures Data Collection Data Projection Results Further Technologies

Design considerations for new dam facility (Geographical and Hydrological perspectives) Local conditions Approximate distance from the nearest railroad shipping terminal to the site Local freight or trucking facilities and rates Availability of housing and other facilities in the nearest towns Availability or accessibility of public facilities or utilities such water supply, sewage disposal, electric power for construction purpose, and telephone service Local labor pool

Continued… Maps and photographs Topography A scale of 1 inch equals 50 feet and a contour interval of 5 feet are required for topographical design. Climatic effects Site temperature / Water temperature /Amount and annual variance in rainfall and snowfall

Continued… Hydrologic data Streamflow records, including daily discharges, monthly volumes, and momentary peaks. Streamflow and reservoir yield Project water requirements including allowances for irrigation and power, conveyance losses, reuse of return flows, and stream releases for fish; and dead storage requirements for power recreation Flood studies, including inflow design floods and floods to be expected during periods of construction Sedimentation and water quality studies, including sediment measurement, including sediment measurements, analysis of dissolved solids Data on ground-water tables in the vicinity of the reservoir and damsite Water rights

Continued… Reservoir capacity and operation Water surface elevation definitions: Maximum water surface, Top of exclusive flood control, maximum controllable water surface elevation, top of joint use capacity, top of active conservation capacity, top of inactive capacity, top of dead capacity, streambed at the dam axis Capacity definition: Surcharge capacity, total capacity, live capacity, active capacity, exclusive flood control capacity, joint use capacity, active conservation capacity, inactive capacity

Motivation Simple geographical presentation of water control infrastructure GIS datasets Better information by incorporating with HUC system from the water resource management perspective

Objective Convert dataset of NID to HUC system Build new dam dataset for HUC system

National Inventory of Dams Initiated in 1986 by “Water Resource Development Act” Developed and maintained by USACE 76,953 dams a High or Significant hazard potential class dam a Low Hazard potential class dam that exceeds 25 feet in height AND 15 acre-feet storage a Low Hazard potential class dam that exceeds 50 acre- feet storage AND 6 feet height. In , 17 new fields were added.

National Inventory of Dams 2,386 dams (3.1%) were completed or scheduled in 1990’s and afterwards. 30% of dams involves high or significant hazard potential About 40% of dams do not have an Emergency Action Plan (EAP) as required For 33.8% (26,003) of dams, recreation is their primary dam purpose.

National Inventory of Dams 7 shape files Dams, Drainage, Main highways, Major rivers, Cities, Counties, States Major safety related fields among 57 fields Distance to nearest city, downstream hazard potential, emergency action plan, inspection date and frequency, State Regulated Dam

Dams in U.S. (NID April 2000)

Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) The TVA manages an integrated system of dams, locks, and reservoirs in the Tennessee River watershed. The Tennessee River includes 652 navigable miles. The TVA system includes 20 dams for flood control and 29 for power supply. TVA manages 480,000 acres of recreation lakes. TVA oversees the use of 11,000 miles of public shoreline. TVA is America's largest public power company, with 28,502 megawatts of dependable generating capacity.

Work Procedures Data collection Identify HUC Region 6: TN, KY, NC, VA, AL, MS, GA Select by theme using intersection operation Projection Build a dam attribute table for HUC #6

Data Collection Download HUC Region 6 and RF 1 from USGS Order a National Inventory of Dams April 2000 (GIS): Dams, Drainage, Main highways, Major rivers, Cities, Counties, States

Map Projection and Coordinate System NID Geographic coordinate system GCS North American 1927 HUC & RF1 Map projection: Albers Conical Equal Area Geographic Coordinate System: GCS Clarke 1866

Building New Attribute Table Open original “dbf “ file Extract 7 states’ dam info Build a new “dbf” table Create a shapefile using “add event theme” Query

Results NID based on HUC With all five shape files Query for safety issues

Completed after 1990 Larger than 1,000 acre-feet Normal Storage High Downstream Hazard Potential High Downstream Hazard and no EAP

Further Technology 3D Visualization DEM file and Realistic Scene Vistapro Genesis II Virtual Reality Provide more intuitiveness WorldToolKit