Karyotype Lab Page 106

Congratulations! You got a job as a lab Tech 1. Cut out all chromosomes from page Arrange chromosomes in Homologous pairs. 3. Tape each homologous pair down on page Fill out info at the bottom of page 111 –Number of chromosomes –Sex of subjectType of Disorder

Karyotype: a photo of chromosomes dividing in a cell where the chromosomes are cut out and arranged by size and shape.

Is it a Boy or a Girls? B. Male determines sex of a child –1. Female- has two XX chromosomes –2. Male has one X and one Y chromosome

Prenatal Testing 1. Amniocentesis- a small amount of amniotic fluid is removed from the uterus and cells are karyotyped. 2. Chronic villi sampling- a tissue sample taken from the chronic villi in placenta used to make a karyotype

Chronic Villi Sampling

Down’s Syndrome

Down Syndrome 1. More common in women over Eggs are old and have accumulated damage. 3. Short stature, round face. Mental retardation

Down Syndrome is caused by nondisjunction A. chromosomes don’t separate. B. one cell gets two copies of a chromosome. C. other cell gets none.

Klinefelter’s Syndrome

Symptoms Smaller testes and penis Breast growth (about one-third of teens with KS have breast growth) Less facial and body hair Narrower shoulders and wider hips Reduced sperm production An adult male with KS may have these features: Infertility: Nearly all men with KS are unable to father a biologically-related child without help from a fertility specialist. 4 4 Lower testosterone levels, which lead to less muscle, hair, and sexual interest and function Breasts or breast growth (called gynecomastia, pronounced GUY-nuh- kow-mast-ee-uh). syndrome/si _ma.jpg x

Turner’s Syndrome

Symptoms No growth spurts at expected times in childhood Short stature, with an adult height of about 8 inches (20 centimeters) less than might be expected for a female member of her family Learning disabilities, particularly with learning that involves spatial concepts or math, though intelligence is usually normal syndrome/basics/symptoms/CON Difficulty in social situations, such as problems understanding other people's emotions or reactions Failure to begin sexual changes expected during puberty Sexual development that "stalls" For most women with Turner syndrome, inability to conceive a child without fertility treatment

XYY Syndrome

XXX Syndrome

Trisomy 18

Symptoms ■VSD (Ventricular Septal Defect): a hole between the lower chambers ■ASD (Atrial Septal Defect): a hole between the upper chambers ■Kidney problems ■Part of the intestinal tract is outside the stomach (omphalocele) ■The esophagus doesn’t connect to the stomach (esophageal artesia) ■Clenched hands ■Pocket of fluid on the brain (choroid plexus cysts) ■Rocker bottom feet ■Delayed growth ■Small jaw (mycrognathia ■Small head (microcephaly) ■Low-set ears ■Strawberry-shaped head ■Severe developmental delays ■Umbilical or inguinal hernia

Trisomy 18: Edwards Syndrome

Trisomy 13

Analysis page Different for everyone. 7. It had no other match or homologue. 8. change _______ to make it female. Add an extra 21 st chromosome 9. Everyone’s is different. –We are very sorry to inform you… 10 They can determine any chromosomal abnormalities before the baby is born.

What does it mean? Research the following facts about your chromosomal abnormality –1. What are the physical characteristics of the syndrome? –2. Will mental/cognative abilities be impacted? –3. What is their life expectancy? –4. How common is this abnormality? –5. What is the cause of the abnormality? Prepare a one page written report on this abnormality. Due next Friday, March 27

What if your Karyotype is normal? Choose one of the following disorders to research –XXX syndrome –XYY syndrome

Turn in your own work! 1. Do not plagiarize your information- do not cut and paste the whole assignment! 2. Turn in an original report, don’t turn in one for two people! 3. Do use pictures. 4. Do cite your internet sources. 5. Double space, 12 point font, standard margins