A small presentation on PRONOUNS by GROUP 5

Objectives i.To understand what is a pronoun. ii.Types of pronouns iii.To rectify the common mistakes and confusions in pronouns.

What is Pronoun…? Pronouns are words that take the place of nouns or other pronouns. Examples of pronouns Under police questioning, Mr Wilson denied having been anywhere near the burgled house. However,a male witness said that he had seen him in the garden. Peter and sally are coming to the party. They will bring some food.

Antecedents Antecedents are the nouns the pronouns stands for ( person, places, things, ideas ). Example: Raman is going to buy a hamburger. He is searching for a shop. Here Raman is the antecedent and He is the pronoun

Types of pronouns Pronouns are categorized according to their function: There are 9 types of pronouns: Personal Pronouns Possessive Pronouns Reflexive Pronouns Intensive Pronouns Relative Pronouns Interrogative Pronouns Demonstrative Pronouns Indefinite Pronouns Reciprocal Pronouns

Personal Pronouns Pronouns that are used to refer to people or things are called personal pronouns

numberpersonGenderPersonal pronouns subjectobject Singular1stMale/FemaleIme 2ndMale/Femaleyou 3rdMalehehim Femalesheher Neuter it Male/Femaleweus Male/Femaleyou Male/Female/ Neuter theythem numberPersonGenderPersonal Pronouns

Possessive pronouns Possessive pronouns are pronouns that show ownership; in other words, something belongs to someone else(my/mine, your/yours,his,her/hers, its,our/ours,their/theirs). Examples of Possessive pronouns: The kids are yours and mine. The house is theirs and its paint is flaking. The money was really theirs for the taking.

NumberPersongender(of “owner”) Possessive pronouns Singular 1stMale/femalemine 2nd Male/female yours 3rdmalehis femalehers Male/female ours Male/female yours Male/female theirs Plural1st 2nd 3rd

Reflexive Pronouns Pronouns that are used to show that the subject of the sentence is receiving the actions of the verb(myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,t hemselves) Example: Can you help yourselves? They cannot look after themselves. Reflexive Pronouns Singular myself yourself himself, herself, itself Plural ourselves yourselves themselves

Intensive pronouns Pronouns that are used to only place emphasis on subject and are not essential to the meaning of the sentence. These pronouns look the same as reflexive pronouns, but they act differently in the sentence. Example: You yourself must go to the police station. Not until the problem itself is clearly diagnosed can a solution be found.

Demonstrative Pronouns Pronouns that are used to identify nouns and answer the question “which one?” (this,that,these,those). Example: These are the books that John was talking about. This is Mano speaking. Is that saran?

Interrogative Pronouns Pronouns that are used only in reference to a question(who,what,which,whom,whose). Example: Which one of these pens is yours? Who is that girl?

Relative Pronouns Pronouns that are used to connect clarifying information to nouns or other pronouns within a sentence ( who, that, which, whom, whose, whoever, whichever, whomever, whatever) Example: Hyderabad is a place which is known for Kohinoor Diamond

Who vs Whom  Who Who is used when referring to a subject. Example: Its Rahman who sang this song.  Whom Whom is used when referring to and object. Example: The person whom I phoned last night is my teacher.

Indefinite pronouns Pronouns that are used in reference to a person or thing is not specific or not known. It is also used to identify a general group of people or things.

Reciprocal Pronouns Pronouns that are used to refer to a mutual set of people Example: We have to help one another to survive. They had remembered each others phone number.

Some basic rules for use of Pronouns There are 12 main rules for using a pronoun. In these we are discussing about only some common rules.

Pronoun must agree with antecedent in number (singular or plural) and gender. The gender of a noun may be masculine (male), feminine (female), or neuter (referring to things).

1.Use a Subject Pronoun as a subject 2. Use Object pronoun as object of the Verb Examples (Circle the correct pronoun listed): SUBJECT She owns a collection of books. INDIRECT OBJECT He told her an amusing story. DIRECT OBJECT The fable entertained us.

When using a pronoun in a pair: ALWAYS put the pronoun second. Seth and I read some comic books. (Not I and Seth) Science interests Mike and me. (Not me and Mike).

When in a pair (Susan and I),Always take the pronoun OUT of the pair to see which pronoun is the correct one to use. EXAMPLES: Richard and (I or me) recited the story. Jennifer helped Richard and (I or me). In formal writing and speech, use a subject pronoun after a linking verb. RIGHT  The winner is she. NOT  She is the winner.

Conclusion A pronoun is a word that replaces a noun or noun phrase.If we only used nouns to refer to people, animals and things, our sentences, both spoken and written, would be very long and tedious.