Nitrogen Main species Organic nitrogen

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Presentation transcript:

Nitrogen Main species Organic nitrogen NH4+: Ionized ammonia, nutrient to algae NH3: Free (unionized) ammonia, toxic to fish NO2-: Intermediate byproduct of nitirification, < 1 mg/L, causes the hemoglobin in the blood to change to methemoglobin, cause methemoglobinemia (‘blue baby’ syndrome) NO3-: Final product of nitrification, undeveloped digestive tracts of an infant possess bacteria that convert nitrate into nitrite, < 10 mg/L

Free Ammonia (Unionized, NH3) and Ionized (NH4+) Ammonia More toxic pH effect Toxic to fish Temperature effect More toxic Ammonia not regulated in winter

Nitrogen Transformation in Biological Treatment Processes Organic nitrogen (proteins, urea, etc.) Bacterial decomposition and hydrolysis Ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) Assimilation Organic nitrogen (bacterial cells) Organic nitrogen (net growth) Nitrification Nitrite (NO2-) Lysis and autooxidation O2 Nitrate (NO3-) O2 Denitrification Nitrogen gas (N2) Organic carbon (substrate)

Subdivision of Total Influent TKN (Nti) N H 3 & 4 - (Nai) 100% Organically bound N (Nti - Nai) ~75% Unbiodegrad. soluble N (Nui) Unbiodegrad. Particulate N (Npi) ~25% Biodegrad. N (Nai) ~3% ~10% ~12% Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN): sum of organic nitrogen, ammonia (NH3), and ammonium (NH4+) in biological wastewater treatment

Nitrogen Transformation in Biological Treatment Processes Organic nitrogen (proteins, urea, etc.) Bacterial decomposition and hydrolysis Ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) Assimilation Organic nitrogen (bacterial cells) Organic nitrogen (net growth) Nitrification Nitrite (NO2-) Lysis and autooxidation O2 Nitrate (NO3-) O2 Denitrification Nitrogen gas (N2) Organic carbon (substrate)

Nitrification: Chemoautotrophs (1) Nitrification: Conversion from ammonia to NO2- / NO3- NH4+ + 1.5O2 NO2- + H2O + 2H+ + New biomass Nitrosomonas NO2- + 0.5O2 NO3- + New biomass Nitrobactor Oxygen demand Total oxygen demand for nitrification: 4.57 g O/g N