Warm Up What happens when water enters the ground through infiltration and undergoes percolation? Why is this important to humans?

Ground Water And it’s interaction with the surface water.

Today EEn Explain how ground water and surface water interact.

Agenda Warm up and discussion. Complete fill in the blank notes. Groups of 4: Jigsaw Artisian Well, Pumped Well, Influent Stream, and Effluent Stream.

Groundwater When rain and snowmelt infiltrate the ground. Soil and rock are full of tiny pores and cracks, usually less than millimeters in size, which allow for water to enter and collect underground in the Aquifer. Like a giant sponge.

Water Table

The Water Table Unsaturated zone: through which water moves downward and whose pore space is not completely filled. Saturated zone: in which water collects and whose pore space is completely filled. The plane of separation between these two zones is the water table.

Flooding The level of the water table determines if flooding will occur in an area.

Warm Up 2/2/2016

Today Complete Warm-up Complete Jigsaw started yesterday Complete Ground Water Notes and Discussion

Jigsaw Activity Get into Groups of 4. Each member of the group is responsible for creating a sketch of their topic on the front of their sheet (Artesian Well, Pumped Well, Influent Stream, and Effluent Stream). They must give and explanation of what is and how it connects ground and surface water.

Porosity The porosity of a substance relates to the amount of holes or pockets the substance has to hold gases or liquids. High porosity means there are a lot of holes for fluids to be stored. Low porosity means there a not a lot of holes for fluids to be stored.

Permeability Permeability relates to a substances ability to allow fluids to be passed through its pores and cracks. High permeability relates to a substance that allows a lot of fluids to flow through it. Low permeability relates to a substance that does not allow a lot of fluids to flow through it.

Aquifers Aquifers are underground storage areas of water that occur on top of an impermeable (no fluids flow through) layer of rock They are fed by the filtration and percolation of water through the upper soil levels. This is called recharge and it doesn’t occur in all soils. Discussion Question: Which combination of porosity and permeability is best suited to allow recharge to occur and form an aquifer? Explain

Aquifers The best conditions for aquifers and recharge zones are soils that are high in porosity and high in permeability, which sit on an impermeable rock base.

Discussion Question Are we limited to one aquifer per section of Lithosphere? Explain.

Aquifers There may be one or more aquifers in a region depending on the location of permeable and impermeable rocks in the the lithosphere of that area. Alternating layers of permeable and impermeable rock can allow for multiple aquifers with differing water tables depending on their recharge sites.

Discussion What roles do the 4 interactions previously looked at (artesian well, pumped well, influent stream, and effluent stream) play in the hydrologic cycle?