Cell Theory All living things are made up of cells. Cells are the smallest working units of all living things. All cells come from preexisting cells through.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Cell Structure & Function
Advertisements

Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Week 14, Day One HW # 47- Review your Venn Diagram, Comparing a Cell to a Factory worksheet. Make sure that you have written your best answer. Warm up.
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Diffusion - Review Molecules move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration How do diffusion/osmosis/active transport differ?
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function By: Alex Sipes.
HW # 49- Work on your Cell Essay Rough draft -Due tomorrow Final Essay-Due Wednesday (12/19) Warm up Week 14, Day Three.
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
HW # 46- Study your Venn Diagram and review today’s power point. Warm up What do the words Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic mean? Week 13, Day Four.
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Plant Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Warm-Up Please take out your item analysis that we did in lab yesterday as well as your interactive notebook.
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Cell Structure & Function
Presentation transcript:

Cell Theory All living things are made up of cells. Cells are the smallest working units of all living things. All cells come from preexisting cells through cell division.

Definition of Cell A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions.

Organismes Single cell Multi cellular (2 + cells)

Examples of Cells Amoeba Proteus Plant Stem Red Blood Cell Nerve Cell Bacteria

Two Types of Cells Prokaryotic Eukaryotic

Cells There are two types of cells: Eukaryotic Prokaryotic

Do not have structures surrounded by membranes Few internal structures One-celled organisms, (ex. bacteria)

Eukaryotic Contain organelles surrounded by membranes Most living organisms PlantAnimal

“Typical” Animal Cell /~ acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif

“Typical” Plant Cell

Cell Parts Organelles

Surrounding the Cell

Cell Membrane Outer membrane of cell that controls movement in and out of the cell Double layer

Cell Wall Most commonly found in plant cells & bacteria Supports & protects cells

Inside the Cell

Cytoplasm Gel-like mixture Surrounded by cell membrane Contains hereditary material

Endoplasmic Reticulum Moves materials around in cell Smooth type: lacks ribosomes Rough type (pictured): ribosomes embedded in surface

Ribosomes Each cell contains thousands Make proteins Found on endoplasmic reticulum & floating throughout the cell

Mitochondria Produces energy through chemical reactions – breaking down fats & carbohydrates Controls level of water and other materials in cell Recycles and decomposes proteins, fats, and carbohydrates

Golgi Bodies Protein 'packaging plant' Move materials within the cell Move materials out of the cell

Lysosome Digestive 'plant' for proteins, fats, and carbohydrates Transports undigested material to cell membrane for removal Cell breaks down if lysosome explodes

Vacuoles Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal Contains water solution Help plants maintain shape

Chloroplast Usually found in plant cells Contains green chlorophyll Where photosynthesis takes place

Cell Parts and Functions Cilia Short hair-like projections Used for movement Location: outside of cell Flagella Long whip-like tail Used for movement Location: outside of cell

Centrioles Organelle responsible for production of spinal fibres during the division of the cell.

Nucleus Directs cell activities Separated from cytoplasm by nuclear membrane Contains genetic material - DNA

Nuclear Membrane Surrounds nucleus Made of two layers Openings allow material to enter and leave nucleus

Cell Parts and Functions Nucleolus (Nucleoli) Makes ribosomes Location: inside the nucleus (dark spot) Nuclear Membrane Protects nucleus Lets things in/out of nucleus (pores) Location: around nucleus cell

Nucleolus Inside nucleus Contains RNA to build proteins

DNA ( Deoxyribonucleic acid ) – genetic material - It is called chromatin when it is wound up.

 A chromosome is a structure composed of DNA.

Chromosomes In the nucleus Is made up of DNA Contains the instructions for our traits and characteristics. A lot of chromatin makes up chromosomes.

Each chromosome has a different form. Humanes have 46 chromosomes in the form of 23 pairs found in the nucleus of each of our cells.

Chromosomes are particularly visibles during the division process of the cell. Different species have different numbers of chromosomes. - Humans have 46 - Chicken have 78 - Mosquito have 6 - Rice has 24

Segments of DNA determine a particular hereditary trait. A gene is on a specific spot on each chromosome.

Plant vs. Animal Cell

Animal Cell

Plant Cell