PHABSIM: A TOOL FOR EVALUATING FLOW REQUIREMENTS IN FLORIDA STREAMS?

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Presentation transcript:

PHABSIM: A TOOL FOR EVALUATING FLOW REQUIREMENTS IN FLORIDA STREAMS? Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission Eric Nagid and Gary Warren PHABSIM: A TOOL FOR EVALUATING FLOW REQUIREMENTS IN FLORIDA STREAMS?

Physical HABitat SIMulation System Combines hydrological and biological models to predict changes in habitat area over a range of discharges. Is a component of the Instream Flow Incremental Methodology (IFIM). Is the most widely used model for deductive estimation of biological effects of stream flow alteration. Amount of habitat is the decision variable, not abundance, biomass, production, or predation. PHABSIM is the scientific modelling component of the IFIM, developed by USGS fisheries biologists in the late 70s – early 80s as a system to equitably manage streamflows for the good of all involved parties. IFIM combines the modeling component with social science components, such as stakeholder inclusion and negotiation. Has been successfully defended in court.

Primary Components of PHABSIM Hydrological Field measurements of physical habitat conditions along transects. velocity depth substrate / cover 2. Hydrological modeling of flow / stage relationships. Biological Habitat Preference Criteria – for each life stage. velocity depth substrate / cover

PHABSIM Flowchart

PHABSIM Output Weighted Usable Area The usable area of habitat available, in a stream reach, to a given species at a given discharge. The product of velocity, depth, and substrate/cover preferences multiplied by cell size. Output of the PHABSIM model is the weighted usable area of habitat for a selected species. The model expressed as a simple equation looks more complicated than it really is. Weighted usable area is simply the sum of the surface areas of the identified cells at a given flow rate (which is the hydrological portion of the model) times the composite suitability of the identified cells at the same given flow (which is the biological component of the model). WUAs are summed over an entire reach and used as an index of habitat quality and availability.

Biological Suspects for the Suwannee River Basin Suwannee bass (Micropterus notius) Net-spinning caddisflies (Hydropsychidae), Mayflies (Baetidae) Limited range – SSC Recreationally important Easily sampled Flow sensitive Sessile Easily sampled

Criticisms of PHABSIM respond to changes in weighted usable area. General: Little evidence that fish populations actually respond to changes in weighted usable area. Does not perform well in soft-bottomed, shifting sediment streams. PHABSIM is unidimensional. Locally: Fish in peninsular Florida, particularly Centrarchids, are ubiquitous. Therefore, HSC may be vague and uninformative.

Evaluation of Stream Flow Models Selecting and Modifying the Most Appropriate Model for Florida Streams PHABSIM / IFIM River 2D Channel Units / Channel Types (CU / CT) Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration (IHA) A model that we are strongly considering is PHABSIM, which is a component of a decision support system called the instream flow incremental methodology, developed by the USGS at their Ft. Collins Science Center. River 2D newest of models; incorporates a second, lateral, flow dimension. CU/CT an approach under development by USGS Co-op unit for GA IHA developed by Nature Conservancy; focuses on impact of high water events. SIAM integrates water quantity, water quality, and biological models. System Impact Assessment Model (SIAM)