Chapter 45 Hormones and the Endocrine System. Overview Metamorphosis – controlled by hormones Hormones – secreted into extracellular fluid/circulates.

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Hormones and the Endocrine system chapter 45
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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 45 Hormones and the Endocrine System

Overview Metamorphosis – controlled by hormones Hormones – secreted into extracellular fluid/circulates in blood or hemolymph/communicates regulatory *messages *only target cells have receptors

Overview(con’t) Hormones regulate – reproduction, growth, metabolism, behavior

45.1 Hormones and other signaling molecules bind to target receptors, triggering specific response pathways Types of Secreted Signaling Molecules 1. Hormones – endocrine vs exocrine 2. Local Regulators – paracrine vs autocrine signaling 3. Neurotransmitters and Neurohormones - synapse 4. Pheromones

Intercellular Signaling

Synaptic Signaling

Neurohormones

Pheromones

Chemical Classes of Hormones 1. polypeptides 2. amines 3. steroid hormones Water soluble or lipid soluble ent/chp42/4202s.swf ent/chp42/4202s.swf Center for BioMolecular Modeling Action of Epinephrine on a Liver Cell Thyroid Hormone Animation

Scientific Inquiry Location of receptors and their interaction with hormones??? Rats and estradiol(radioactive form) Frogs and melanocyte-stimulating hormone(MSH) Fig – What if?

Multiple Effects of Hormones Water-soluble hormone – tissues vary in response due to different receptors or signal transduction pathways Fig p. 980 Lipid-soluble hormone – different effect on different target cells Ex) estrogen - different effect in different species Ex) thyroxine

Signaling by Local Regulators Cytokines Growth factors Nitric oxide Prostaglandins

Nitric Oxide

Aspirin and prostaglandins

45.2 Negative feedback and antagonistic hormone pairs A) Simple Hormone Pathways – low pH in duodenum  secretin  pancreas  bicarbonate  reduction in stimulus B) Insulin and Glucagon – an antagonistic pair – see Fig p alpha and beta cells of pancreas

Control of Blood Glucose

Diabetes Mellitus Deficiency in insulin or a decreased response to insulin Type I – autoimmune/insulin dependent/destroys beta cells Type II – heredity and excess body weight/target cells are non-responsive rFiles/0%20- %20Sean/FastFacts%20March% pdf rFiles/0%20- %20Sean/FastFacts%20March% pdf

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