Conquest of Aztecs and Incas

What drove Spaniard’s to adventure onto the mainland of the Americas?

Conquistadors Spanish conquerors Spanish conquerors Came for _______,_______,________ and adventure Came for _______,_______,________ and adventure __________________—arrives in Mexico/conquerors Aztecs __________________—arrives in Mexico/conquerors Aztecs Supplies 11 ships, 508 soldiers, 2 priests, 16 horses, and several small cannons Supplies 11 ships, 508 soldiers, 2 priests, 16 horses, and several small cannons

How was Cortes able to conquer the Aztecs? Malinche– a young India woman helped translate and advise Cortes Malinche– a young India woman helped translate and advise Cortes From Malinche, Cortes finds that many Indians hate the Aztec overloads From Malinche, Cortes finds that many Indians hate the Aztec overloads Cortes gets these Indians to fight against the overlords. Cortes gets these Indians to fight against the overlords.

Aztec sacrifices Indians sacrificed thousands of captives, so there was a lot of discontent. Indians sacrificed thousands of captives, so there was a lot of discontent.

________________— leader of the Aztecs, believes Cortes to be a god or a messenger of the gods ________________— leader of the Aztecs, believes Cortes to be a god or a messenger of the gods Sends ambassadors with gold and other gifts hoping they will leave. Sends ambassadors with gold and other gifts hoping they will leave.

Aztecs drive Spanish out in a battle that wounds ½ of Cortes’ men Aztecs drive Spanish out in a battle that wounds ½ of Cortes’ men Cortes’ retreats to plan Cortes’ retreats to plan Aztecs resist until almost everyone has been killed or died of small pox Aztecs resist until almost everyone has been killed or died of small pox Montezuma dies, probably stoned to death. Montezuma dies, probably stoned to death.

New Leader Aztec’s lead by Cuahtemoc(kwah-Tay- mok) for about 3 months, then Cortes takes over Aztec’s lead by Cuahtemoc(kwah-Tay- mok) for about 3 months, then Cortes takes over

Conquest of the Incas

Pizzarro in Peru Cortes inspires others Cortes inspires others ______________________—ruler of the Incas ______________________—ruler of the Incas Lots of civil war Lots of civil war Pizarro unites to capture Athualpa Pizarro unites to capture Athualpa

Ransom Pizzaro promises to set Atahualpa free if he gives him a room of gold. Pizzaro promises to set Atahualpa free if he gives him a room of gold.

Once gold is collected Pizarro has Athualupa strangled. Once gold is collected Pizarro has Athualupa strangled. 1/5 th of the gold is sent to Spain 1/5 th of the gold is sent to Spain The rest is divided among men The rest is divided among men Pizarro assassinated in arguments over gold Pizarro assassinated in arguments over gold

Reasons for Victory ______________________________ ______________________________ _____________________ among Indians _____________________ among Indians _____________________ killed off many _____________________ killed off many Superstitions---gods had abandoned them Superstitions---gods had abandoned them

Later Spanish Explorers Hernando de Soto and Francisco Coronado

Hernando de Soto First to see the _________________ River First to see the _________________ River

Francisco Coronado First to see the __________________ ______ First to see the __________________ ______