FOSSIL FUELS.

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Presentation transcript:

FOSSIL FUELS

FF Formation Organic matter is buried  exposed to heat and pressure over a long time Coal, Oil, Natural Gas

Non-Renewable FF’s do not regenerate within lifetime. Renewable: solar, wind, water, biomass

Coal Formation -Buried remains of plants pressurized & heated -Coal: mostly C, some H2O, Hg and S -Peat  Lignite  Bituminous  Anthracite (add heat + pressure)

Peat Bog

Coal Formation Please = Peat Love = Lignite Big = Bituminous Apples = Anthracite

Coal Pros: Easy to transport and safe

Coal Pros: When burned, releases much energy

Coal Pros: Abundant and Cheap

Coal Cons: Habitat loss, soil erosion, chemical runoff from mining

Coal Cons: Burning increases CO2 levels  Global Warming

Coal Cons: Produces Sulfur Oxides  acid rain.

Coal Cons: Burning releases Hg  bioaccumulation

Most abundant fossil fuel and deposits have been found Coal Reserves Most abundant fossil fuel and deposits have been found 200 years??

Coal  Electricity (Fluidized Bed Combustion) Coal ground into a fine powder (increase surface area) Burned at high temps Water-filled steel pipes run through fire to produce high pressure STEAM Steam is used to turn a turbine Turbine spins a generator Produces electricity

Coal Turbine/Alternator Only 30 % efficient!

Natural Gas Formation Buried plants pressurized & heated -Also formed by bacteria breaking down org. matter. Burns much cleaner than coal/oil!!!

Methane Electricity DO You See a Similarity?? Methane gas harvested from bacteria production Burned at high temps Water-filled steel pipes run through fire to produce high pressure STEAM Steam is used to turn a turbine Turbine spins a generator Produces electricity DO You See a Similarity??

Methane Hydrates CH4 ice crystals found at ocean bottom. Removed and burned for energy. Cons: destroys ocean bottom, disrupts habitat of bottom dwellers.

Yellow Methane Hydrates covered with tube worms and mussels

Natural Gas PROS Easier to transport No nitrogen emissions Cheap, easy to process and extract

CH4 Cons: CO2 released  global warming

CH4 Cons: Must be converted to liquid before transport (wastes energy)

CH4 Cons: Methane leaks  global warming

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