Chem. 133 – 1/26 Lecture

Introduction - Instructor: Roy Dixon Educational Background in Analytical Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry Most of my research currently is in HPLC technology/methodology development or applications

Class: Chemical Instrumentation General Goals of Education (copied roughly from Dean a few years ago): –Jobs –Career –Skills –Knowledge –Member of Society –Future Life-long Learner Main focus will be on skills and knowledge, but sometimes it is worth looking at larger picture

Learning Objectives of Class (Skills and Knowledge Set) Learn how instruments work Learn measures of instrument performance and what affects performance Know common applications of instruments (e.g. how can we use an instrument to determine a compound’s concentration, identity or structure) Connect instrument performance with method/sample/analyte demands

Roll Call and Adding Students Class normally has 12 students Currently 10 in class and 6 on waitlist I will add 2 from waitlist and possibly 1 or 2 more I plan to add students in gap between lecture and lab Students wanting to add, but not currently on the waitlist will need to fill in my waitlist

Adding Students Priority for Adding Students 1.BS Chem majors graduating S’16 2.BS Chem majors graduating F’16 and BA Forensic majors graduating S’16 3.Any Chem/Biochem majors graduating by F’16 4.All others Within each category, preference given to those higher on waitlist You may be asked to show evidence for your graduation date

Handouts Syllabus Laboratory Schedule 1 st Homework Assignment

Syllabus Top 3 Items Lab Class room = Sequoia 516, but will spend time in other instrument rooms too Office hours –can arrange meetings at other times Internet Site –will post handouts, keys to homework and exams, “practice” exams, Powerpoint lecture notes, and updates (e.g. if changes to syllabus)

Syllabus Text Books –Harris (Quantitative Chemical Analysis) Main text We are using the 8 th Edition, older editions could be used but you must find the differences –Rubinson and Rubinson (Contemporary Instrumental Analysis) Supplementary text book Available at library reserves Used for electronics and NMR instruction –Skoog et al. (Principles of Instrumental Analysis) Recommended for anyone interested in working as an analytical chemist

Grading Lecture Component Exams (44% of grade) –3 midterms (see syllabus for dates) –Comprehensive Final Exam (may be ACS multiple choice exam) Quizzes (8% of grade) –Roughly every 2 weeks unless near exam Homework (3% of grade) –Only a subset of problems will be turned in (Bold problems in first set)

Grading Lab Component Lab Reports/Lab Practical (35% of grade) –5 lab reports (one for each lab experiment) –Each report (or lab practical) worth 7% of total grade –Possibility to replace one (and only one) lab report with a lab practical for selected experiments –Penalties for late labs (but 1 lab 1 period late is acceptable in exchange for attending 1 Chem 294 seminar) –More on experiments in lab outline (will discuss in lab)

Grading Lab Component – cont. Term Project (10% of grade) –Hand out to be given out soon –Projects: J. Chem. Ed. projects (e.g. analysis of caffeine), instrument construction (digitized bomb calorimeter), STORC applied projects (analysis of composter methane concentration) –Will work on in lab during last 4 to 5 weeks, but basic due dates given earlier (e.g. topic, proposal, progress report) –A poster presentation is required

Topics Electronics –Emphasis on understanding multiple aspects of electronics for instruments –Some topics will be covered qualitatively Electrochemistry (fundamentals + qualitative understanding of ion selective electrodes) Spectroscopy –Fundamental sections (theory and spectrometer components) –Specific types (UV-Visible, fluorescence, atomic, and NMR) Mass Spectrometry Chromatography –Theory of separations, and main components –GC and HPLC

Homework Set 1 Three subsets (1.1, 1.2, and 1.3) Bold Homework problems are graded; do not turn in other problems Subsets should be done before quizzes Solutions will be posted.

Today’s Lecture Measures of Instrument Performance Overview of Electronics Electronic Definitions and Basic Laws –covering in lab (only need blackboard)

In Lab Today Data/Excel Basics –covering here Checking In First 15 pages of Lab Manual will be on website (read before Thurs. class)

Measures of Instrument or Method Performance What is he talking about? Example: method accuracy Get class to come up with 7+ measures

Electronics Topics Covering –Basic DC Circuits (Ohm’s Law, Power Law, Kirchhoff’s Laws + applications) –Alternating Currents, Other Waveforms, and Fourier Transformation (lecture only) –RC Circuits –Diodes (lecture only) –Signal Digitization (lecture only) –Transducers (lecture only) –Noise

Electronics - Overview Generic Instrument Block Diagram Analog Electronics Transducer Analog Signal Processing Digital Electronics Analog to Digital Conversion Board Memory Signal Display Long-term Storage (Disk) Digital Signal Processing Exciter sample Digital to Analog (control)

Electronics From: David Zellmer, CSU Fresno Example Block Diagram for an Atomic Emission Spectrometer

Electronics Go to Board to Cover: Definitions, Ohm’s Law, Power Law and Kirchhoff’s Laws