Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings C h a p t e r 17 The Nervous System: Autonomic Division PowerPoint ® Lecture Slides prepared by Agnes Yard and Michael Yard Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Where are preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division of the ANS found? a. lateral white columns of spinal segments T 1 – L 2 b. lateral gray horns of spinal segments T 1 – L 2 c. anterior gray horns of spinal segments T 1 – L 2 d. lateral gray horns of spinal segments C 7 – L 2

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following is not a parasympathetic ganglion? a. otic ganglion b. celiac ganglion c. ciliary ganglion d. submandibular ganglion

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which is/are false regarding neurotransmitter release by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system? a. Ganglionic neurons that release NE are small in number, but significant. b. Preganglionic fibers release ACh at their synapses with ganglionic neurons. c. The effects of neurotransmitter released by varicosities at neuroeffector junctions persist for, at most, a few seconds. d. The stimulation of ganglionic neurons usually leads to NE release at neuroeffector junctions.

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which characteristic(s) exhibits a difference(s) between the autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system? a. Afferent fibers originate in visceral receptors. b. Efferent fibers connect to visceral effectors. c. The axon of a visceral motor neuron within the CNS innervates a second neuron located in a peripheral ganglion. d. all of the above

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Parasympathetic preganglionic fibers leave the brain in which cranial nerves? a. III, VI, IX, X b. VII, IX, X, XI c. III, VII, X, XI d. III, VII, IX, X

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Collateral ganglia are also known as: a. prevertebral ganglia b. suprarenal ganglia c. paravertebral ganglia d. thoracic ganglia

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Autonomic fibers entering the thoracic cavity intersect at which plexus(es)? a. cardiac plexus b. pulmonary plexus c. celiac plexus d. a and b

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Beta receptors are/do not: a. found in skeletal muscles, and smooth muscles surrounding respiratory airways, the heart, and the liver b. trigger changes in the metabolic activity of target cells c. primarily stimulated by norepinephrine d. sensitive to epinephrine

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Dual innervation: a. is most prominent in the digestive tract, the heart, and the lungs b. exists where the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions have opposing or antagonistic effects c. exists in most vital organs that receive instructions from both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions d. all of the above

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which nerve, alone, provides roughly 75 percent of all parasympathetic outflow? a. glossopharyngeal nerve b. pelvic nerve c. vagus nerve d. splanchnic nerve

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Regarding the sympathetic division of the ANS, which of the following structures release epinephrine and norepinephrine into the general circulation? a. the suprarenal medulla b. the collateral ganglia c. the suprarenal cortices d. the sympathetic chain ganglia

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Muscarinic receptors are/do not: a. when stimulated, produce longer-lasting effects than does stimulation of nicotinic receptors b. found at all adrenergic neuroeffector junctions c. when stimulated, produce responses that reflect the activation or inactivation of specific enzymes d. stimulated by a toxin produced by some poisonous mushrooms

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Collateral ganglia are/do not: a. located anterior and medial to the descending aorta b. consist of a pair of interconnected masses of gray matter situated at the base of the celiac trunk c. single structures d. embedded in an extensive weblike network of nerve fibers

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which level of autonomic control has neurons controlling defecation and urination? a. limbic system and thalamus b. S 2 – S 4 (sacral spinal cord) c. medulla oblongata d. T 1 – L 2 (spinal cord)

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following are target organs of the postganglionic axons from the otic ganglion? a. intrinsic eye muscles b. parotid salivary glands c. tear glands and nasal glands d. visceral organs of neck, thorax, and most of abdominal cavity

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Each sympathetic chain has how many ganglia? a. 7 cervical, 11 – 12 thoracic, 2 – 5 lumbar, 4 – 5 sacral, 1 coccygeal b. 3 cervical, 8 – 10 thoracic, 2 – 6 lumbar, 4 – 5 sacral, 1 coccygeal c. 3 cervical, 11 – 12 thoracic, 2 – 5 lumbar, 4 – 5 sacral, 1 coccygeal d. 7 cervical, 8 – 10 thoracic, 2 – 6 lumbar, 4 – 5 sacral, 1 coccygeal

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following plexuses contain(s) descending branches of the vagus nerve (N X) and splanchnic nerves leaving the sympathetic chain on either side? a. cardiac plexus b. pulmonary plexus c. esophageal plexus d. a and c

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings A ganglion impar is formed by: a. paravertebral ganglia from both sides that fuse to form a single median ganglion b. coccygeal ganglia from both sides that fuse to form a single median ganglion c. sacral ganglia from both sides that fuse to form a single median ganglion d. prevertebral ganglia from both sides that fuse to form a single median ganglion

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which of the following generalized structures of the ANS control(s) the peripheral effectors? a. ganglionic neurons b. postganglionic fibers c. preganglionic axons d. a and b

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which parasympathetic ganglia send postganglionic fibers to vocal glands, tear glands, and salivary glands? a. submandibular b. pterygopalatine c. intramural d. a and b

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Stimulation of arrector pili muscles is a function of which ganglia? a. sympathetic chain ganglia b. pterygopalatine ganglia c. collateral ganglia d. suprarenal medullae

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The parasympathetic division of the ANS: a. has preganglionic fibers that release ACh, stimulating ganglionic neurons b. consists of preganglionic fibers originating in either the brain stem or the sacral spinal cord c. predominates under resting conditions d. all of the above

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings When sympathetic activation occurs, an individual does not experience: a. the mobilization of energy reserves b. increased heart rate and contraction strength, and elevations in blood pressure, breathing rate, and length of respiration c. increased energy absorption d. a temporary insensitivity to pain stimuli

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Which reflexes involve sensory neurons and interneurons whose cell bodies are located within autonomic ganglia? a. long reflexes b. polysynaptic reflexes c. short reflexes d. a and b

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Stimulation of release of lipids from adipose tissue is a function of which ganglia? a. sympathetic chain ganglia b. otic ganglia c. collateral ganglia d. a and c