Some people are working backstage, Some are playing in the orchestra, Some are on-stage singing, Some are in the audience as critics, And some are there to applaud. Know who and where you are. unknown

5 Factors that Distinguish Good from Poor Communicators Self-Concept Clarity of Expression Listening Self-Disclosure Coping with Emotions

Self-Concept How we see ourselves a strong self-concept is necessary for healthy satisfying ongoing interactions consists of public and private self

Cooley (1929) Called it “self idea” “ people are not only able to view themselves as they imagine others see them, but we quickly learn to control that appearance for desirable outcomes”

Mead (1934) 3 stages of self-development 1. Preparatory - child imitates others without understanding 2. Play - place themselves in other roles 3. Games - self concept more stable and complete

What’s the point? The “self” emerges from social interaction Significant others provide a basis for viewing ourselves Weak Self-Concept distorts our perception of others. Difficulty dealing with ourselves Difficulty dealing with others

Do you have a poor view of yourself? Difficulty conversing with others? “ admitting when you’re wrong? “ expressing your feelings? “ accepting criticism? “voicing ideas? Conformist? Get Out of the Comfort Zone!

Secure Anxious Ambivalent FearfulDismissive View of Self PositiveNegative View of Others Negative Positive Styles of Attachment

Attachment Styles 2/3 middle class are SECURE 1/3 lower class are SECURE 1 st relationship style persists Styles can be modified (cognitive awareness)

Clarity of Expression #1 assumption that breaks down clarity of expression “ If it is clear to me, it must be clear to you” Picture clearly what you want to say Be redundant-state it differently Use feedback

Listening Self-Disclosure Coping with Emotions