Cardiovascular Emergencies When to call a Doctor…

Angina How do you say it? What is it?

Stable Angina Chronic condition due to fixed blockage Tends to not change in pattern over time Change in pattern may be a warning sign

Unstable Angina Acute process due to progressive blockage, often due to blood clot Pain at rest with minimal activity Good reason for an ER visit!

New Onset Angina Stable versus Unstable Another good reason to call the Doctor or visit the ER

Nitroglycerin May be used to relieve Anginal attacks Directions for use may vary

Heart Attack Totally blocked vessel Discomfort at rest Associated symptoms Uncertainty is normal EMS transport

Heart Attack Diagnosis History EKG Blood Tests

Cardiac Arrest Sudden loss of consciousness Summon EMS AED

Stroke Brain Attack Causes may vary: –Atherosclerosis –Blood clot –Bleeding

Symptoms of Stroke Sudden numbness or weakness of face, arm or leg Confusion/difficulty of speech Vision loss in one or both eyes Loss of balance or coordination Sudden severe headache

Stroke If symptoms- contact EMS immediately Treatment is dependent upon a strict time frame

Peripheral Vascular Disease Much like Angina can be acute or chronic

Peripheral Vascular Disease Chronic Stable PVD can cause claudication Cramping (usually of legs) with activity Various treatments are available

Peripheral Vascular Disease Acute occlusion can occur The three P’s –Pain –Pallor –Pulselessness Summon EMS