Unit 6 Reconstruction Rebuilding of the South after the Civil War

Civil War → Reconstruction Pres. Abraham Lincoln inaugurated for second term on March 4, 1865 General Robert E. Lee surrendered at Appomattox Courthouse on April 9, 1865

John Wilkes Booth Pres. Lincoln shot by John Wilkes Booth on April 14, 1865 while watching a play at Ford’s Theater in Washington, DC

Andrew Johnson – 17 th President of U.S. 1 term: Republican Party 13 th Amendment 14 th Amendment

Reconstruction: th Amendment –Ended slavery 14 th Amendment –Made former slaves citizens

Andrew Johnson – 17 th President of U.S. Midterm election of 1866 disaster for Pres. Johnson Radical Republicans win majorities in Congress –Passed several acts over Johnson’s veto

Andrew Johnson – 17 th President of U.S. Impeached by House of Representatives on Feb. 24, 1868 Senate found him not guilty –One vote short of 2/3 majority

Ulysses S. Grant – 18 th President of U.S. 2 terms: Republican Party 15 th Amendment

Reconstruction: th Amendment –Gave former slaves right to vote (men only)

Reconstruction: Carpetbaggers Scalawags Sharecroppers Ku Klux Klan

Reconstruction: By 1872, most former Confederates were again allowed to vote By late 1870s, conservative whites had regained control of the South –Northerners grew weary of trying to change the South Time to let Southerners run their own government again, even if African Americans lose rights gained –Government of the Southern states was once again in the hands of the Southerners

End of Reconstruction Election of 1876 –Samuel Tilden – Democratic candidate Won popular vote One electoral vote short of number needed to win election –Rutherford B. Hayes – Republican candidate Promised to end Reconstruction Selected by Congress to be President

Rutherford B. Hayes – 19 th President of U.S. 1 term: Republican Party Removed remaining Federal troops from the South

End of Reconstruction Southern white conservatives use violence to keep African Americans from voting Voting restrictions in Southern states –Poll taxes –Literacy tests Grandfather clauses

End of Reconstruction Segregation became law of the South Jim Crow laws –Laws separating whites and blacks 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson –Supreme Court said segregation was legal if facilities were equal

End of Reconstruction Laws passed during Reconstruction (such as 14 th Amendment) became basis of civil rights movement almost 100 years later