Practices involving misrepresentation

DIRECT MISREPRESENTATION DECEPTIVE PACKAGING A. The practice of placing products the product in the containers of exaggerated sizes and misleading shapes to give a false impression of its actual contents TWO TYPES: a. Slack fill packaging- where containers like cartons, tin cans and certain plastics are only filled up to fifty to seventy percent of capacity.

b. Excess package cushioning where a larger container is used than what is needed to protect the contents Introducing a new package of the same size and price as the old one but has the label of “NEW” The practice of competing manufacturers to use the same size packages containing varying manufacturers to use the same different systems of measurement

The use of misleading designations such as the number of servings to indicate the volume content of the pack The use of bigger size packages such as “family”, “supersize”, “jumbo”

2. ADULTERATION- unethical practice of debasing a pure or genuine commodity by imitating or counterfeiting it, by adding something to increase its bulk or volume, or by substituting an inferior product for a superior one for the purpose of profit and gain.

3. MISBRANDING OR MISLABELLING Misrepresenting the quality of the goods by labelling inferior products as if they are products of superior quality. Placing cosmetics of inferior kind in containers of well known brands. Changing the quality or quantity of a product but not changing the label to conform with the changes made.

The number of pieces appearing in the label is different from its actual contents 4. Shortweighing 5. Shortmeasuring 6. Shortchanging

7. False or Misleading Advertisement Advertisements with statements or pictures that convey exaggerated impressions of the product’s reliability. Advertisement that are only half-truths and lead consumers to think that the product is of good quality. Advertisements that are deliberate misrepresentation Advertisements using fictitious or obsolete testimonials