THE PROGRESSIVE MOVEMENT UNIT 3

PROGRESSIVISM UNIT 3.1 Progressivism Muckrakers Reforming Cities Reforming Society - NAACP Reforming the Workplace Reforming Government Reforming Voting Essential Question: Explain how reforms set forth in the Progressive Movement reflect the definition of Progressivism.

PROGRESSIVISM A broad philosophy based on the idea of progress, which says: advancement in economic development and social organization are vital to improving life in America.

MUCKRAKERS Journalists who exposed areas in need of reform Slums How the Other Half Lives – Jacob Riis Standard Oil Company Ida Tarbell City Governments Shame of the Cities – Lincoln Steffens Railroad Monopolies Frank Norris

REFORMING CITIES Necessary services not being provided Cities began passing ordinances to help govern and clean up

REFORMING SOCIETY – NAACP Protested segregation in federal government Protested the film Birth of a Nation

REFORMING THE WORKPLACE Children were limited in the workplace Supreme Court decisions on hour limits Lochner V NY = no hour restrictions Muller V Oregon = 10 hour limit for women Bunting V Oregon = 10 hour limit for all

TRIANGLE SHIRTWAIST COMPANY FIRE 140 men and women die in high-rise sweatshop fire Turning point for labor and reform movements

REFORMING GOVERNMENT City Government Reforms City Council appoints professional politician to run the city ; five member city commissions serving as governance State Government Reforms States pushed to regulate railroads, utilities, and work places

REFORMING VOTING Direct primary – voters select a party’s candidates for public office 17 th amendment – voters elect their senators directly Secret ballot – people vote privately without fear of coercion Initiative – allows citizens to propose new laws Referendum – allows citizens to vote on a proposed or existing law Recall – allows voters to remove an elected official from office

ESSENTIAL QUESTION Explain how reforms set forth in the Progressive Movement reflect the definition of Progressivism.

WOMEN IN THE PROGRESSIVE ERA UNIT 3.2 Higher Education for Women Women in the Workplace National Association of Colored Women (NACW) The Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) Prohibition Amendments National Woman Suffrage Association Suffrage Amendment Essential Question: Evaluate the success of the Women’s organizations during the Progressive Era.

HIGHER EDUCATION FOR WOMEN Available to middle and upper classes – some jobs still excluded women

WOMEN IN THE WORKPLACE Traditional Teachers and nurses New Middle Class Jobs Bookkeepers, typists, secretaries, and shop clerks, artists and journalists Industrial – Paid Less Factories, particularly garment industry

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF COLORED WOMEN (NACW) Ida B. Wells-Barnett, Margaret Murray Washington, and Harriet Tubman Against: lynching, segregation, poverty, and Jim Crow laws

THE WOMEN’S CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE UNION (WCTU) Called for Prohibition: ban on making, selling, and distributing alcoholic beverages Evangelists: Billy Sunday and Carry Nation

PROHIBITION AMENDMENTS 18 th Amendment (1917) = Prohibition 21 st Amendment (1933) = repealed Prohibition

NATIONAL WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION Called for Women’s Suffrage: to give women the right to vote Formed by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony Anthony challenged law and voted, Supreme Court said states’ decision who gets to vote American Woman Suffrage Association merger - became National American Woman Suffrage Association

SUFFRAGE AMENDMENT 19 th Amendment (1920) – granted Women’s Suffrage – the right to vote

ESSENTIAL QUESTION Evaluate the success of the Women’s organizations during the Progressive Era.