Organ Sytems

NGSS Standard MS-LS1-d. Design and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to support explanations that the body is a system of interacting subsystems composed of groups of cells working to form tissues and organs specialized for particular body functions, and that scientific advances in understanding of those systems have led to improvements in nutrition, health, and medicine.

Warm Up After a consumer eats a meal, what happens to the food? What happens to the undigested food left over in the body?

Today’s Objectives 1.Identify the organs of the digestive system. 2.Discuss the roles of these organs in the digestion process. 3.Discuss the roles of these organs in the absorption process.

Digestive What organs make up the digestive system?

Digestive system

Taking Notes As we cover each organ I want you to write them down in your classwork notebooks. – Title: Digestive System Organs – Date: 2/21/2016

Mouth In the mouth mechanical and chemical digestion begins. What part of the mouth is responsible for chemical digestion? – What molecule is contained in saliva? Mechanical digestion occurs when your teeth bite into the food.

Esophagus Is a muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach. It’s covered in mucus that helps move food “smoothly” down your throat. Food only remains in the esophagus for 10 seconds. What is the term for the involuntary muscle contractions that push food through the digestive tract?

The Stomach The stomach is a muscle located in the abdomen. It uses both mechanical & chemical digestion to break food down. The stomach muscles churn the food, while pepsin and certain acids break down the food chemically. What is the enzyme released in the stomach that breaks down amino acids.

Small Intestines By the time food reaches the small intestines it has been mechanically digested into a thick liquid. While in the small intestines this liquid will be further chemically digested. As the liquid is pushed through the small intestines, enzymes will be secreted by the liver, the small intestines and the pancreas. These enzymes will break the liquid down into molecules that can be absorbed by the body.

Villi In the Small Intestines Nutrients are absorbed by the villi in the small intestines. Villi are small “hair-like” projections that line the small intestines. How will these nutrients move from the small intestines to the blood?

The Liver The liver is responsible for producing bile in the body. Bile is a substance that breaks down fats in the digestive system. Bile is stored in the gall bladder until it is ready to be released into the small intestines. Bile is not an enzyme!!!! It physically breaks down fat like soap on a greasy pan.

The Pancreas The pancreas secretes enzymes that help breakdown proteins, fats and carbohydrates. One chemical produced in the pancreas is called insulin. What illness is associated with insulin deficiency?

Large Intestines The large intestines will receive any undigested food from the small intestines and water. The water will be absorbed into the bloodstream. The rest of the material will be prepared to be excreted from the body.

Cardiovascular System Your cardiovascular system is like a highway. It transports materials from one part of the body to another part of the body. Blood cells can transport a variety of materials – Oxygen – Wastes – CO 2 – Glucose and other nutrients

Cardiovascular System