2-2 Bacteria Pg 56-65

2-1 Bacteria Where are bacteria found on you/Earth? (56) - They are found all over and in us…Everywhere on Earth What are the 3 shapes of Bacteria? (57) Rodlike Spherical Spiral

2-2 Bacteria 3. What is the shape of a bacterium’s genetic material. (57) It looks like a thick tangled string located in the cytoplasm 4. Draw and Label a typical bacterial cell found on page 58.

2-2 Bacteria 5. Describe the important characteristics of Archeabacteria. (58) Ancient bacteria Live in extreme temperatures and conditions 6. Describe some of the important characteristics of Eubacteria (59). Live everywhere Most are harmless or helpful Can help other organisms survive (food and O2)

2-2 Bacteria 7. What are ideal conditions for bacteria to reproduce (59)? Plenty of food Right temperature (warm) Plenty of moisture 8. Describe the process of Binary Fission. (59) One bacterium splits into 2 identical bacteria Form of Asexual reproduction Before the split the bacterium must copy genetic material (cytoplasm, ribosomes split into 2 new cells) Offspring are identical to parent

2-2 Bacteria 9. Describe the process of sexual reproduction in bacteria (60). Conjugation- 2 bacteria line up and form a bridge to transfer genetic material The result of this is 2 new bacteria that are genetically different than parents They do this in unfavorable conditions 10. Describe in detail the 2 ways that bacteria can obtain food (60) Autotroph- use sun or chemicals in surroundings Heterotroph- eat other heterotrophs, autotrophs, dead and decaying matter

2-2 Bacteria They do this to survive harsh environmental conditions 11. Why do bacteria form endospores and how does it help them? (61) They do this to survive harsh environmental conditions It helps them because when conditions become favorable they can live and reproduce.

12. List and briefly describe the many ways that people depend on bacteria. (61-65) [5 of them] Fuel production Food production Recycling nutrients (decomposers) Environmental clean up Medications