Close Reading Common Core State Standards English Language Arts George Hall Elementary School School Year

How do you feel about text-dependent questions? What burning questions do you have in your head?

3 Key Shifts Build knowledge through content-rich nonfiction Reading, writing and speaking grounded in evidence from text, both literary and informational Regular practice with complex text and its academic language

Shift #2 Reading, Writing and Speaking Grounded in Evidence from Text, Both Literary and Informational “Read like a Detective and write like a Reporter.”

What is Close Reading? Close reading involves focused, sustained reading and rereading of a text for the purpose of understanding key points, gathering evidence, and building knowledge.

Anchor Standards for Reading 6 In “Casey at the Bat,” Casey strikes out. Describe a time when you failed at something. In “Letter from a Birmingham Jail,” Dr. King discusses nonviolent protest. Discuss, in writing, a time when you wanted to fight against something that you felt was unfair. In “The Gettysburg Address” Lincoln says the nation is dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Why is equality an important value to promote? What makes Casey’s experiences at bat humorous? What can you infer from King’s letter about the letter that he received? “The Gettysburg Address” mentions the year According to Lincoln’s speech, why is this year significant to the events described in the speech? The College and Career Readiness Anchor Standards for Reading call on students throughout Grades K-12 to: Low level, literal, or recall questions Focused on comprehension strategies Just questions………….. Analyze the individuals, events, and ideas in a selection Analyze the central ideas or themes of a text Evaluate the arguments and specific claims in a text

3 Types of Text-Dependent Questions Questions that assess themes and central ideas Questions that assess knowledge of vocabulary Questions that assess syntax and structure 7 What makes Casey’s experiences at bat humorous? What can you infer from King’s letter about the letter that he received? Look at the illustrations on page 31. Why did the illustrator include details like the power outlets in the walls? When Consider the following categories when writing or reviewing text-dependent questions:

Close Reading – Why? CCSS requires increase of text complexity from year-to-year Need to integrate new knowledge with previous learned ideas and concepts Skill needed as they progress toward college and career readiness.

Vocabulary and Text Dependent Questions From “Hot and Cold Summer” - 5 th grade fictional text  To avoid someone means to keep away from them so that you don’t have to see them and they don’t have to see you. How did the boys avoid meeting Bolivia at first?” (pg. 23)  Re-read the last two paragraphs on page 39. Rory had a “strong suspicion”. What is a suspicion? What details in the story made Rory suspicious of Bolivia?

Core Understanding & Key Ideas: Example Core Understanding and Key Idea: Synopsis: Opal has just moved to a new town in a new state and has no friends yet. Through a series of comic mishaps inadvertently started by her very special dog, Winn-Dixie, Opal meets Miss Franny, the town librarian. Opal realizes they have much in common and an unlikely friendship is ignited. Two people of very different ages may still have much in common and become friends.

Core Understanding and Key Ideas 11 In “Casey at the Bat,” Casey strikes out. Describe a time when you failed at something. In “Letter from a Birmingham Jail,” Dr. King discusses nonviolent protest. Discuss, in writing, a time when you wanted to fight against something that you felt was unfair. In “The Gettysburg Address” Lincoln says the nation is dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Why is equality an important value to promote? What makes Casey’s experiences at bat humorous? What can you infer from King’s letter about the letter that he received? “The Gettysburg Address” mentions the year According to Lincoln’s speech, why is this year significant to the events described in the speech? LiteratureInformational Texts Theme Interactions of characters Important events Important Ideas Author’s Purpose Claims Arguments Core understanding and key ideas can focus on …….. The teachers’ clear understanding of the themes and key ideas serves as a guide post for creating questions. Logical sequences of text-dependent questions will lead students toward understanding these ideas for themselves.

Syntax and Text Dependent Questions Syntax can predict student performance as much as vocabulary does. Questions and tasks addressing syntax are powerful. Example: Who are the members of the wolf pack? How many wolves are in the pack? To answer this, pay close attention to the use of commas and semi-colons in the last paragraph on pg The semi-colons separate or list each member in the pack.

Reading Strategies and Text-Dependent Questions Text-dependent questions generally call on students to employ reading strategies. Strategies are no longer taught in isolation. The text and readers’ need to comprehend it should determine what strategies are activated - not the other way around.

Final thoughts  There is no one right way to have students work with text- dependent questions.  Providing for the differing needs of students means providing and scaffolding supports differentially - not asking easier questions or substituting simpler text.  Listening and speaking should be built into any sequence of activities along with reading and writing.  “Re-read it, think it, talk it, write it”  The CCSS require ALL students to read and engage with grade appropriate complex text regularly. This requires new ways of working in our classrooms.