3.4 Notes (French and Indian War)

French Empire Expands After establishing Quebec, the French colonist claimed the entire Mississippi river valley for France, renaming it Louisiana However, by 1754, there were only 70,000 French colonist compared to over 1 million British colonist

Mississippi River Valley

Britain and France French and Indian War (The French and Native Americans vs. Great Britain and the British Colonist)—the fourth war between Great Britain and France over control of North America France and Britain fight three inconclusive wars in 1600s and 1700s French colony based on fur trade, allies with Native Americans

War Erupts French build Fort Duquesne in land claimed by Virginia (Ohio Valley) French crush Virginia militia under George Washington in 1754 1755–1756, French and allies continue to defeat British militia

Britain Defeats an Old Enemy William Pitt, British politician, leads Britain to victory Iroquois natives begin to help the British British troops capture Quebec in a surprise attack in 1759 Treaty of Paris ends the French and Indian War (1763); France gives up almost all its land Great Britain claimed all of the land east of the Mississippi River, including Florida which GB would acquire from Spain

Changes for Native Americans Ottawa leader, Pontiac, fears loss of land; captures British forts British use smallpox as a weapon; Native Americans greatly weakened (Small Pox Blankets) Proclamation of 1763—colonists can’t settle west of Appalachians

Great Britain and the Colonies grow apart British began to crack down on colonial smuggling Sugar Act- a revenue-raising Act passed by the Parliament of Great Britain The British Parliament believed that it was the duty of the colonist to pay back most of the war debt