Fine sediment transport. Fines Till derived soils (e.g., Clarion) ~ 45-70% fines Alluvial soils (e.g., Coland) 65-80% fines Loess-derived soils ~ > 80%

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Presentation transcript:

Fine sediment transport

Fines Till derived soils (e.g., Clarion) ~ 45-70% fines Alluvial soils (e.g., Coland) 65-80% fines Loess-derived soils ~ > 80% fines

Sources of fines Upland sheet and rill erosion Gullies, tributaries Banks (alluvial storage)

Suspended sediment Measured from water- column samples Commonly quantified in g/L (mass sediment per volume water)

Forces & phenomena in transport of fines Gravitational settling: fines satisfy classical Stokes law (Fickian) diffusion: transport down gradients in concentration Advection: transport with flow Turbulent mixing: vertical and transverse transport in eddies Dispersion (~advection + mixing)

Suspended sediment

Rouse diagram

Sediment load regimes What proportion of a stream’s sediment load is transported as suspended (+wash) load versus bedload?

Suspended sediment

What is the relationship between supply and capacity for suspended load?

Mechanism of supply limitation Leads to clockwise hysteresis