Journal 11/18/15 The mug at right is made of pewter: a mix of tin, copper, and other metals. Most sodas are carbonated, and have bubbles of carbon dioxide mixed into them. What other mixtures of things can you think of? Objective Tonight’s Homework To learn about solutions and mixtures p 101: 1, 2 p 102: 8, 9, 10

Notes on Solutions and Mixtures Any time we combine two or more things of the same type – solid, liquid, or gas into the same area, we’ve created a mixture. We can separate these into 2 categories:

Notes on Solutions and Mixtures Homogeneous Mixtures Where everything is mixed together so well, that… - You can’t use a filter to separate any of it - It looks like just one thing even up close - Nothing will “settle to the bottom”. Ever. - If it’s a liquid, it will appear to be clear. Salt water is a perfect example. In fact, so is the glass.

Notes on Solutions and Mixtures Heterogeneous Mixtures Where things are mixed together, but stay as separate things. It’s little pieces of different things simply mixed together. Silty water is a good example here. If you wait long enough, all the dirt and silt will settle to the bottom. Plus, it’s not transparent, and up close you can see more than one thing. Concrete is a good example with solids.

Notes on Solutions and Mixtures With heterogeneous mixtures, if we have one substance embedded or floating throughout another, we call it a colloid. Mayonnaise, milk, and dusty air are all colloids.

Notes on Solutions and Mixtures With some liquid or gas colloids, if you wait long enough, you’ll see stuff settle to the bottom. We call these colloids suspensions.

Notes on Solutions and Mixtures There are several things we can say about homogeneous mixtures as well. If we have solids that perfectly mix, we call it an alloy. White gold, brass, and pewter are all excellent examples of alloys.

Notes on Solutions and Mixtures With liquids or gases, we call homogeneous mixtures solutions. In a solution, we have 2 things: -The solute is the thing being dissolved. -The solvent is the thing it’s being dissolved in. If we have two things where we can’t tell which is which, look for whichever one we have more of. That one becomes the solvent. So in salt water, salt is the solute and water is the solvent.

Notes on Solutions and Mixtures We can have mixes of solids and liquids, though. Some liquids can dissolve into solids and mix with them when poured on to them. The stuff they make dental fillings out of is an amalgam using silver.

Classwork – Classifying Mixtures Below is a list of several mixtures. For each, list whether it’s a basic heterogeneous mixture, a colloid, a suspension, an alloy, a solution, or an amalgam. ConcreteFruit punch Sugar waterSand The Pacific OceanAir Orange juiceMud DirtA cup of tea Salad dressingShampoo ChalkFog Recycled paperChewing gum Whipped creamIce cream SteelPerfume

Exit Question How would you classify a jar of jelly? a) A heterogeneous mixture b) A colloid c) A suspension d) An alloy e) A solution f) A amalgam