Central office of cell Control center Initiates most of activity inside of the cell

Surrounded by double membrane

Long, thin strands of material Dispersed throughout the nucleus Made up of protein

Composed of individual chromosomes

Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid Chemical code which directs the activities of the cell

Coiled strands of DNA

Part of the chromatin Condensed into a darker area Produces ribosomes May have more than one in a cell

Gel like substance outside of the nuclear envelope Consists of proteins and other macromolecules

Composition: –70% water –30% proteins, fats, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids

Organelles are found here Plant cell - does not fill completely

Found inside of the cell Any part of the cell that has its own structure and function Carries out life processes

Assembly workers of the cell Made up of proteins and macromolecules Found either floating around the cell or attached to the membranes of the Endoplasmic Reticulum

Synthesizes proteins Most common organelle in a cell

ER Consists of folded membranes that are often continuos with the outer portion of the nuclear envelope

Compartmentalizes the cytosol System of membranes forming tubes and channels Connects the organelles in the cell

Plays an important role in biosynthesis reactions Rough ER Smooth ER

Flattened curved sacs Packaging and shipping department Finishes synthesizing the proteins

Modifies, sorts, and packages macromolecules in vesicles for secretion or for delivery to other organelles

Energy supplier of the cell Power house of the cell Organic molecules are broken down here to release energy.

Contains small amounts of DNA and RNA Surrounded by a double membrane

Size varies from um The more energy the cell needs, the more mitochondria the cell will have

The carbohydrate producers of the cell Found in plant cells and in some unicellular autotrophs

Chloroplasts Carotene Chromoplasts Leucoplasts

Storage room for the cells Stores nutrients and wastes Contains mostly water Most abundant in plants

Recycling center of the cell Enzymes will break down large molecules from worn or damaged cell structures and make them available for reuse

Site of intercellular digestion May leave the cell and destroy bacteria and foreign particles Fuses with vacuoles containing food particles

More common in animal cells A single cell can have different kinds of Lysosomes

Composed of microtubules and other tiny protein structures Gives the cell its shape, internal organization, and movement

Fine network of protein scaffolding Made from proteins

Solid and threadlike structure Composed of protein Provides structural support Assists in cell movement

Hollow, flexible strands Scaffolding used to construct the cell

Arrangements can change according to the changing needs of the cell Create pathways for the movement of organelles

Tubular structures Often lies the nucleus Contains microtubules Important in cell reproduction

Protective barrier that surrounds the cell Lipid bilayer membrane Semi fluid cell boundary

Controls the passage and materials in and out of the cell Determines which molecules may enter or leave the cell

Protects and supports the cells of plants, fungi, and some single celled organisms

Lies outside of the plasma membrane Composed of stiff fibers of cellulose and other complex carbohydrates

Provides support Like a plant’s skeleton Does not determine what may enter or leave the cell

Often remains intact after the rest of the cell has died