 car crashes car crashes 

EQ: How is momentum conserved when there is interaction between two objects in a closed system? Medicine ball collisions

 Think Newton’s 3 rd Law in a collision  The size of the force on the first object equals the size of the force on the second object. They are just opposite in direction  Forces always come in pairs - equal and opposite action- reaction force pairs.

 Newton’s 3 rd Law of Motion

 Collision of unequal masses  not observing unequal forces upon the ball and club head, but rather unequal accelerations  Collision of equal masses  each object experiences the same acceleration.  Forces cause acceleration, not motion

 For a collision occurring between object 1 and object 2 in an isolated system, the total momentum of the two objects before the collision is equal to the total momentum of the two objects after the collision. That is, the momentum lost by object 1 is equal to the momentum gained by object 2.isolated system  This means that the momentum doesn’t change.

 Isolated System  An isolated system is a system that is free from the influence of a net external force that alters the momentum of the system  No system is completely isolated, there will always be a resistance force of some kind robbing the system of its momentum (air, friction)

Momentum is conserved in any collision, elastic and inelastic. Momentum is conserved in recoil or propulsion P i = P f

Kangaroos are good runners that can sustain a speed of 56 km/h (15.5 m/s). Suppose a kangaroo is sitting on a log that is floating in a lake. When the kangaroo gets scared, she jumps off the log with a velocity of 15 m/s toward the bank. The log moves with a velocity of 3.8 m/s away from the bank. If the mass of the log is 250 kg, what is the mass of the kangaroo?

 Conservation of momentum states that the total momentum of the two objects before the collision is equal to the total momentum of the two objects after the collision. How is this accomplished? Identify who experiences the greater force, impulse, momentum change, acceleration?

 Elastic collision: Particles bounce off each other without loss of energy.  Perfectly inelastic collision: After colliding, particles stick together and move with a common velocity after the collision. There is a loss of Kinetic Energy (sound, heat, deformation).  Inelastic collision: Particles collide with some loss of energy, but don’t stick together. 11 Hockey collisions: 93e2-b6d5a9e697ed/force-impulse-collisions 93e2-b6d5a9e697ed/force-impulse-collisions

12 KE is transformed to other types of energy = E loss Momentum is conserved

15 To calculate the amount of kinetic energy that is lost,  Perfectly inelastic – particles stick together

An arrow is fired into a small target at rest on a frictionless surface. The arrow’s mass is 20.0 g and the target’s mass is 2.50 kg. If the speed of the arrow and target combined is 0.67 m/s, what is the arrow’s initial speed?

An Elastic collision is a collision in which the objects don ’ t stick together so the total momentum and the total kinetic energy remain constant. 17 Momentum is conserved: Energy is conserved :

In the game of marbles, a shooter is a large marble about 0.02 m in diameter that is used to knock smaller marbles out of the ring. Suppose a shooter with a speed of 0.80 m/s hits a 4.8x10 -3 kg marble that is at rest in the ring. The shooter continues forward with a speed of 0.51 m/s while the smaller marble moves forward with a speed of 1.33 m/s. What is the mass of the shooter?

o A large truck and a Volkswagen have a head-on collision. Which vehicle experiences the greatest force of impact? (Remember Newton’s 3 rd Law) o A large truck and a Volkswagen have a head-on collision. Which vehicle experiences the greatest impulse? (Remember Newton’s 3 rd Law) o A large truck and a Volkswagen have a head-on collision. Which vehicle experiences the greatest acceleration? (Remember Newton’s 3 rd Law) o Two objects stick together and move with a common velocity after colliding. Identify the type of collision

In a two body collision in an isolated system a. Kinetic energy is always conserved b. Momentum is always conserved c. Neither momentum not kinetic energy is conserved d. Both momentum and kinetic energy are always conserved