Modul 7. Review for UTS 1. Your Background/Biography 2. Personal Experience 3. International Company 4. Writing CVs 5. Company History 6. Current Project

1. Biography

Characteristics of a Biography #1 A story about a real person A story about a real person

Characteristics of a Biography # 2 Shows that the author knows a lot about the person Shows that the author knows a lot about the person The author must do extensive research on the subject by conducting interviews, reading books, scripts, etc. The author must do extensive research on the subject by conducting interviews, reading books, scripts, etc.

Characteristics of a Biography # 3 Describes the person’s environment Describes the person’s environment Such as, where, when and how they lived Such as, where, when and how they lived

Characteristics of a Biography# 4 Provides details that show the person in action Provides details that show the person in action Such as, their accomplishments, goals, behavior, etc. Such as, their accomplishments, goals, behavior, etc.

Characteristics of a Biography # 5 Shows how the person affects other people Shows how the person affects other people Such as, changes that they made in a person’s life which could include new discoveries in science and medicine or changes in laws; helping people, and includes the artists Such as, changes that they made in a person’s life which could include new discoveries in science and medicine or changes in laws; helping people, and includes the artists

Characteristics of a Biography #6 States or implies how the writer feels about the person States or implies how the writer feels about the person Different authors will or may have a different view point of the person Different authors will or may have a different view point of the person The author’s point of view could be positive or negative The author’s point of view could be positive or negative

Different types of Biographies First-hand biography First-hand biography Autobiography Autobiography Collective Biography Collective Biography Unauthorized Biography Unauthorized Biography

First Hand Biography Reveals another person though the eyes of a writer who has had an ongoing, face-to-face, personal relationship with the person Reveals another person though the eyes of a writer who has had an ongoing, face-to-face, personal relationship with the person

Autobiography The main character is the author The main character is the author For example, if you were to write a biography about yourself, then that would be an autobiography For example, if you were to write a biography about yourself, then that would be an autobiography

Autobiography Recounts key incidents/events in the author’s life Recounts key incidents/events in the author’s life

Autobiography Describes major influences (people, events, places) on the writer Describes major influences (people, events, places) on the writer A teacherHome A teacherhome A Speech

Autobiography Describes interactions between the writer and significant people in his or her life Describes interactions between the writer and significant people in his or her life A teacherA pastorA fatherA mother

Visual and Oral Forms Autobiography Pictures and paintings that depict events or people they are familiar with Pictures and paintings that depict events or people they are familiar with Photo albums or video tapes that record important moments in their lives Photo albums or video tapes that record important moments in their lives Skits and plays based on their life stories Skits and plays based on their life stories

More Visual and Oral Forms Autobiography Informal anecdotes about their lives, shared in conversations with friends and family Informal anecdotes about their lives, shared in conversations with friends and family Tangible mementos and souvenirs, such as awards, seashells, or favorite childhood toys Tangible mementos and souvenirs, such as awards, seashells, or favorite childhood toys

Collective Biography Has many different biographies that are all contained in one book Has many different biographies that are all contained in one book An example, Meet the Presidents by Cindy Bardon An example, Meet the Presidents by Cindy Bardon This book would be found in 920 BAR This book would be found in 920 BAR This book is about many different United States Presidents This book is about many different United States Presidents

Unauthorized Biography Biography about a person that was not approved by the subject that the book is about Biography about a person that was not approved by the subject that the book is about These are usually about celebrities. These are usually about celebrities. Risk of suit is great Risk of suit is great Purpose is the entertain Purpose is the entertain

2. Personal Experience Literature

Telling a story... From Reading to Writing In “Marigolds,” the narrator remembers an adolescent act that led to disaster and to the beginning of compassion. In “Two Kinds,” the writer remembers incidents involving a mother and daughter. Personal Narrative

Telling a story... These narratives involve events that left a lasting impact on the characters. Writing a personal narrative is one way you can explore discoveries and experiences that happened to you or to someone you know. Personal Narrative

B a s i c s i n a B o x Personal Narrative at a Glance RUBRIC Standards for Writing A successful narrative should focus on a clear, well-defined incident make the importance or significance of the event clear show clearly the order in which events occurred Beginning Introduces the incident including the people and place involved End Tells the outcome or result of the event Presents the writer’s feelings about the experience Middle Describes the event using descriptive details and possibly dialogue Makes the significance clear use descriptive details that appeal to the senses to describe characters and setting use dialogue to develop characters maintain a consistent tone

Writing Your Personal Narrative 1 Prewriting Your life, though it may seem average to you, is a new and exotic world to other people. Don’t be afraid to write about your personal experiences. Joe Hasley, student writer Your life, though it may seem average to you, is a new and exotic world to other people. Don’t be afraid to write about your personal experiences. Joe Hasley, student writer

n Think about interesting or unusual events that really happened. n Recall personal experiences that have been funny, sad, frightening, or unforgettable. n Brainstorm similar incidents you have heard about from others. How can you find ideas? Writing Your Personal Narrative 1 Prewriting

Planning Your Personal Narrative 1.Analyze the nature of the incident. What was its significance? Why does it stand out in your mind? 2.Decide on the tone you want to create. How did the incident make you feel when you experienced, saw, or heard about it? What is the main feeling you want to create in your audience?

Planning Your Personal Narrative 3. Make a time line. List all the parts of the event in time order. For each part, stop and list who was involved, where it happened, and some of the significant details. When the list is finished, decide which parts to include in your narrative and which parts you can condense or skip in order to keep the narrative focused and lively.

Planning Your Personal Narrative 4. Decide which parts of the narrative to enliven with dialogue or with details that appeal to the senses. What details could help you show what happened rather than simply telling about it? What dialogue would move your narrative along and make it more realistic?

Writing Your Personal Narrative 2 Drafting n Begin by describing the setting or an important character. n Give background information or flash forward to an event further along in the narrative. n Use your time line to help you remember the order of events.

Writing Your Personal Narrative 2 Drafting n Keep in mind what tone you want to create. n Use dialogue and plenty of descriptive details to help move the narrative along. n End by telling the outcome.

3. International Company

32 International Business Questions How will an idea, good, or service fit into the international market? How will an idea, good, or service fit into the international market? Should trade or investment be used to enter a foreign market? Should trade or investment be used to enter a foreign market? Should supplies be obtained domestically or abroad? Should supplies be obtained domestically or abroad? What product adjustments are necessary to be responsive to local conditions? What product adjustments are necessary to be responsive to local conditions? What are the threats from global competitors, and how can these threats be counteracted? What are the threats from global competitors, and how can these threats be counteracted?

4. Writing CVs

Effective CVs

What is a CV? What is the purpose of a CV? To inform the employer about your education, work experience, skills and interests To ‘sell’ these qualities and to persuade the employer to invite you to interview

When should a CV be used?  When an employer asks for an application in that format  When an employer states ‘apply to…’ without specifying the format  When making speculative applications

Matching up your CV with the position/company It is not ‘one size fits all’, you need to tailor your CV to each position you apply for. Research the company. Do they have a mission statement or core values? What will they be looking for in you? Who works there at the moment? What are they passionate about?

Proving your ability There are four main things employers will look at in CVs: Education - ability to think clearly, analyse and assess information, draw conclusions, work independently, research Education - ability to think clearly, analyse and assess information, draw conclusions, work independently, research Work experience - ability to get on with people, work under pressure, meet deadlines Work experience - ability to get on with people, work under pressure, meet deadlines Leisure interests - ability to plan and organise, co- operate with others, compete, lead, work hard to achieve results Leisure interests - ability to plan and organise, co- operate with others, compete, lead, work hard to achieve results Specific skills – e.g. driving licence, computer skills, foreign languages, artistic skills Specific skills – e.g. driving licence, computer skills, foreign languages, artistic skills

CVs types Chronological In date order (starting with the most recent first) e.g. EMPLOYMENT April – December 2011: Venture – Editing Assistant Working with Photoshop, I have learnt various editing styles. I have gained customer service experience and understand the importance of listening to what customers want in order to achieve high sales. February 2009 – March 2010: Topshop – Retail Assistant My interest in fashion enabled me to help customers and to suggest styles that might suit them. I helped to design the layout of the stock in the store, with an aim to increase our revenue by positioning various items in ‘eye- catching’ places.

CVs types Skills based Focusing on skills e.g. SKILLS Attention to detail – as an Editing Assistant at Venture, I needed to prove that I could spot any mistakes or flaws in the photographs, as well as being attentive to the requests of the customers Computer skills – I regularly used Photoshop during my time at Venture. I am also a competent user of Microsoft Office, which I proved throughout my time as a Retail Assistant at Topshop, where I was often required to produce reports on our sales Customer service – in all of my roles, customer service has been of key importance. I have experience of dealing with difficult customers, and try to ensure that every customer is satisfied with the service they have received.

Personal Details Name (as a heading rather than ‘CV’) Name (as a heading rather than ‘CV’) Website/online portfolio/CV Website/online portfolio/CV Address (term-time and home) Address (term-time and home) Telephone number Telephone number address address Make sure this is a professional addressMake sure this is a professional address The following are not requirements, but if you wish, you can include: The following are not requirements, but if you wish, you can include: NationalityNationality SexSex Date of birthDate of birth

Education and Qualifications Start with the most recent Start with the most recent Don’t forget your current study Don’t forget your current study Mention relevant modulesMention relevant modules You might like to mention top marksYou might like to mention top marks You don’t have to put your grades on if you weren’t happy with them You don’t have to put your grades on if you weren’t happy with them Include the years of study Include the years of study Primary school not needed Primary school not needed

Education and Qualifications 2011 – PresentUniversity of Kent BA (Hons) Fine Art Modules include: Contextual Studies, Creative Investigations Project: Communication and Critique 2009 – 2011Maidstone Grammar School A-levels: Media Studies (A), Art (B), Information Technology (C) 2005 – 2009Wrotham School GCSEs:8 GCSEs including English and Maths

Work Experience There is no need to list every job you’ve ever had – detail the most relevant There is no need to list every job you’ve ever had – detail the most relevant Don’t just list your duties – sell your skills. Which skills are relevant to the position/company you are applying to? Don’t just list your duties – sell your skills. Which skills are relevant to the position/company you are applying to? Dates, name of company, position and skills: Dates, name of company, position and skills: April 2010 – PresentMuseum of Kent Life As a shop assistant, I have learnt the importance of providing great customer service to gain maximum sales. I am responsible for organising stock and ensuring that costs are controlled. Carrying out weekly risk assessments has increased my awareness of health and safety issues.

5. Company History SONY C O R P O R A T I O N Berrak Dogruer Mazen Ferzly Hiep Nguyen Douglas Roach Rafik Ward

Company History Tokyo Telecom Engineering First Japanese tape recorder First transistor radios First pocket-sized radio Name change to Sony (from "sonus," Latin for "sound," and "sonny," meaning “little man”) Intro of Trinitron color TV – explosive growth Walkman personal stereo

Company History 1980’s - Major Producer of computer disks/ floppies Bought CBS Records for $2 billion Bought Columbia Pictures for $4.5 billion Sony Playstation released to great success JV with Philips (inventors of the CD) to make Super Audio CD Launched Wega flat-screen TV JV with Philips, Sun Microsystems to develop networked entertainment products Walkman with MP3 capabilities

Company History Formed PlayStation.com – games/software online Restructured all entertainment units under Sony Broadband Entertainment JV Sakura Bank and JP Morgan Chase for online bank.

Founder: Akio Morita Groomed to take over 14-generation family Sake business Strong entrepreneurial spirit: Tokyo Telecom Engineering Revolutionary thinking: Brand is lifeblood of company success Listed Sony on NYSE in “Never Mind School” emphasize the capabilities of individuals, rather than their prior academic background and history – a revolutionary concept for Japan. Strong belief R&D leads to new ways to meet customer needs. Co-chair of various conferences, including the Japan-U.S Business Council, The Trilateral Commission, and the World Economic Forum in Davos.

Founder: Akio Morita Instrumental in easing trade friction with the U.S by playing leading roles in the Keidanren (Japan Federation of Economic Organizations), the Japan- U.S. Economic Relations Group Morita chosen as one of Time magazine’s 20 most influential business people of the 20th century - the only Asian member on its list. Akio Morita: The Sony man who put Japan on the corporate map passed away in October 1999.

Continue to focus on communications and home electric appliances, but also content and services Vertically integrated business Vision is to become a broadband entertainment company CEO Idei Nobuyuki wants Sony to be wherever people gather (Internet) Product-Market Strategy: Apply IT to product design, production, distribution, and sales Strategy and Organization

Electronics: Audio,Video, Televisions Information and Communications. Sony Computer Entertainment: Hardware and related software Sony Music Entertainment: Sony Music Entertainment Inc.: Columbia Records, Sony Classical, Sony Discos,Sony Disc Manufacturing, and Sony Music Nashville Sony Music Entertainment Japan: Sony Records and Epic Records Sony Business Units

Sony Pictures Entertainment – motion picture - production, acquisition and distribution television – programming, production, acquisition and distribution home video - acquisition and distribution television broadcasting operation of studio facilities Sony Life Insurance Other: Sony Finance International, Inc. Sony Trading International Corporation Sony Broadcast Media Co. Ltd. Other local entertainment businesses in Japan, U.S., and Germany. Blue Streak Wheel of Fortune Big Daddy

Sony Business Units Region$ (Millions)% of Total Japan20,01232 US19,12430 Europe Other Regions10,07416 Total 63,082100

Interesting Current Initiatives E-Commerce SonyStyle.com in Feb 2000 Strategy reflects its desire to reduce the role of the big discounters as middlemen and gain greater control over prices Car Navigation Systems 7% of worldwide market These systems incorporate sophisticated technology, including web-access and advanced voice recognition. Video-Game Machines and Console Software Sony’s Playstation 2 (PS2) is claimed to be the first next- generation game console. This system can play DVDs, CVDs, and CD-Roms. In February, Sony Corp. unveiled an alliance with game software makers Sega Corp. and Namco Ltd. in online game distribution.

Interesting Current Initiatives AIBO- Artificial Intelligence ROBOT As close to human as possible – has emotions and instincts

Questions to Ask PlayStation2 was an instant success with demand clearly surpassing supply. Some say it is because of inaccurate demand forecasts while others suggest that it was an intentional strategy. What is you take on this? How is your electronic division and music division responding to concerns over MP3 format piracy issues and your secure yet not very popular format? How has the vision of your founder, who recently passed away, been passed on to the new management team at Sony? How has the dissatisfaction of some CD retailers over your strategy to sell directly to consumer affected your distribution strategy via SonyStyle.com?

6. CURRENT PROJECTS

© Wiley 2007 Learning Objectives Describe project management objectives Describe project management objectives Describe the project life cycle Describe the project life cycle Diagram networks of project activities Diagram networks of project activities Estimate the completion time of a project Estimate the completion time of a project Compute the probability of completing a project by a specific time Compute the probability of completing a project by a specific time

© Wiley 2013 Learning Objectives - continued Determine how to reduce the length of a project effectively Determine how to reduce the length of a project effectively Describe the critical chain approach to project management Describe the critical chain approach to project management