The South

Standards & Essential Question  The Student will explain the relationship between growing north-south divisions & western expansion How did slavery become a significant issue in American politics? How did the 2 nd Great Awakening affect this growing dissention? What were the outcomes of slave rebellions?

Take Five…  What were the differences between Northern labor (immigrants) and Southern labor (slaves)?

The Practice of Slavery  Northern point of view Manumission  Southern point of view Backbone of agriculture Protecting blacks from poor whites  Mason-Dixon line  Colonization movement American Colonization Society Sierra Leone Liberia (Monrovia)

The Second Great Awakening The Second Great Awakening “Spiritual Reform From Within” [Religious Revivalism] Social Reforms & Redefining the Ideal of Equality Temperance Asylum & Penal Reform Education Women’s Rights Abolitionism

A new threat to an old institution  Early Abolitionists Quakers  Woolman, Benezet, Lay and Lundy Women  Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony David Walker  The Appeal William Lloyd Garrison  The Liberator

In France, I had almost always seen the spirit of religion and the spirit of freedom pursuing courses diametrically opposed to each other; but in America, I found that they were intimately united, and that they reigned in common over the same country… Religion was the foremost of the political institutions of the United States. -- Alexis de Tocqueville, 1832 The Rise of Popular Religion R1-1

Transcendentalism Ideology  Give freedom to the slaves.

Cult of Domesticity = Slavery The 2 nd Great Awakening inspired women to improve society. Angelina Grimké Sarah Grimké Southern Abolitionists R2-9

Sojourner Truth ( ) or Isabella Baumfree 1850  The Narrative of Sojourner Truth R2-10

Frederick Douglass ( ) 1845  The Narrative of the Life Of Frederick Douglass 1847  “The North Star” R2-12

Harriet Tubman ( ) eHelped over 300 slaves to freedom. e$40,000 bounty on her head. eServed as a Union spy during the Civil War. “Moses”

A new threat to an old institution  Rebellion Nat Turner  Southampton County Massacre Gabriel Prosser Denmark Vessey

Defending Slavery  A Peculiar Institution  Insulation and suppression of dissent Distribution laws Encouraging anti-abolitionist activates Tabling anti-slavery legislation

Defending Slavery  A “positive good” Thomas Roderick Dew John C. Calhoun Quoting the Bible Examples of advanced slave holding civilizations Southern aristocracy  Reformed state slave codes Minimum living standards  Jefferson & Joseph Davis

Defending Slavery  The Justification for slavery George Fitzhugh  A Sociology for the South & Cannibals All!  Comparing Northern Industrial workers to Southern slaves  Maintaining control Freed blacks must leave the south Crime to teach a slave to read Religion Slave patrols  “Paddyrollers”  Written passes