SURRENDER WW I GERMAN NAVY COPYRIGHT F. GADEK 02/14/2005 1 TOPIC – “ DETAILS - SURRENDER WW I GERMAN NAVY “ SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY { “STS” } BY.

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Presentation transcript:

SURRENDER WW I GERMAN NAVY COPYRIGHT F. GADEK 02/14/ TOPIC – “ DETAILS - SURRENDER WW I GERMAN NAVY “ SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY { “STS” } BY FRANK J. GADEK, PH.D.

SURRENDER WW I GERMAN NAVY COPYRIGHT F. GADEK 02/14/2005 2

SURRENDER WW I GERMAN NAVY COPYRIGHT F. GADEK 02/14/ UNDER TERMS OF THE ARMISTICE GERMANY AGREED TO SURRENDER TO GREAT BRITAIN “HER NEWEST” SHIPS: 10 BATTLESHIPS 6 BATTLECRUISERS 8 LIGHT CRUISERS 50 DESTROYERS TOTAL = 74 SHIPS + ALL HER SUBMARINES [GEORGE, P#16]

SURRENDER WW I GERMAN NAVY COPYRIGHT F. GADEK 02/14/ THE SURRENDER OF THE GERMAN SUBMARINE FLEET IS ANOTHER WHOLE FASCINATING STORY!!!

SURRENDER WW I GERMAN NAVY COPYRIGHT F. GADEK 02/14/ ADMIRAL FRANZ VON HIPPER REFUSED TO LEAD THE GERMAN SURFACE FLEET TO BRITAIN HE SAID “MY HEART IS BREAKING, I HAVE NOTHING MORE TO DO.” REAR ADMIRAL LUDWIG VAN REUTER WAS GIVEN THE ASSIGNMENT [MASSIE #2, P#782, ]

SURRENDER WW I GERMAN NAVY COPYRIGHT F. GADEK 02/14/ SHIPS MANNED BY 90,000 MEN OF THE BRITISH, AMERICAN & FRENCH ALLIED NAVIES ESCORTED THE GERMAN FLEET INITIALLY TO FIRTH OF FORTH OFF SCOTLAND COAST NEAR SCAPA FLOW LARGEST ASSEMBLAGE OF SEAPOWER IN HISTORY 34 BATTLESHIPS, 10 BATTLECRUISERS, 2 OF NEW AIRCRAFT CARRIERS, ABOUT 46 ASSORTED CRUISERS, 8 FLOTILLAS OF 20 DESTROYERS EACH – ALMOST ALL OF GRAND FLEET!!! AIRSHIPS AND AIRCRAFT ALSO PASSED OVERHEAD [VAN DER VAT P# ] GERMAN FLEET ARRIVED ON 11/21/1918 – 70 SHIPS, 9 BATTLESHIPS, 5 BATTLE CRUISERS, 7 LIGHT CRUISERS & 49 DESTROYERS – THE CREAM OF THE HIGH SEAS FLEET [MASSIE #2, P#782]

SURRENDER WW I GERMAN NAVY COPYRIGHT F. GADEK 02/14/ ALLIED FLEET TOOK NO CHANCES – CREWS WEREAT ACTION STATIONS ALLIED SHIPS FORMED 2 COLUMNS ON EITHER SIDE OF LINE OF GERMAN SHIPS, 6 MILES APART AT 12 KNOTS, ALL FIRE CONTROL DIRECTORS TRAINED ON GERMAN SHIPS WITH RANGE & BEARING CONSTANTLY PLOTTED, BUT TURRETS NOT TRAINED ON GERMAN SHIPS, BUT EACH GERMAN SHIP WAS ALWAYS SUBJECT TO COVERAGE READY TO OPEN FIRE IN SECONDS NO CHANCES WERE TO BE TAKEN! [VAN DER VAT, P#12O]

SURRENDER WW I GERMAN NAVY COPYRIGHT F. GADEK 02/14/ LATER INSPECTIONS MADE CLEAR THESE PRECAUTIONS NOT NECESSARY SINCE ALL POWDER AND AMMUNITION WERE REMOVED FROM THE GERMAN SHIPS PREVIOUSLY [MASSIE #2, P#782 ]

SURRENDER WW I GERMAN NAVY COPYRIGHT F. GADEK 02/14/ SO VAST WAS THE EXPANSE OF SEA COVERED BY THE GERMAN AND BRITISH FLEETS THAT THE HEAD AND REAR OF THE COLUMNS OF SHIPS WERE LOST TO SIGHT IN THE HAZE [GEORGE, P#22] FLEET, WITH GAPS OF 23 NAUTICAL MILES BETWEEN ONE GROUP AND THE NEXT, EXTENDED 19 MILES [VAN DER VAT, P#119]

SURRENDER WW I GERMAN NAVY COPYRIGHT F. GADEK 02/14/ THE GERMAN FLAG WAS HAULED DOWN AT SUNSET AND NOT TO BE RAISED AGAIN WITHOUT PERMISSION ADMIRAL BEATTY ACKNOWLEDGED THE CHEERS OF HIS MEN [PICTURE P#270, HOUGH] THAT NIGHT BEATTY ATTENDED A THANKSGIVING SERVICE AND DINNER FOR 32 GUESTS ON HIS FLAGSHIP QUEEN ELIZABETH NEITHER 2 OF GREATEST BRITISH ADMIRALS OF THAT ERA WERE INVITED – JACKY FISHER - WHO CONCEIVED / CREATED THE BRITISH GRAND FLEET AND JOHN RUSHWORTH JELLICOE - WHO COMMANDED IT THRU THE GREATER PART OF THE WAR NO ONE WAS WILLING TO SAY IF THIS WAS AN INTENTIONAL SLIGHT OR JUST FORGETFULLNESS [MASSIE #2, P#783]

SURRENDER WW I GERMAN NAVY COPYRIGHT F. GADEK 02/14/ SURRENDER OF GERMAN FLEET RATHER THAN A BIG VICTORY SEA BATTLE [LIKE NELSON] SAVED THOUSANDS OF LIVES AND MILLIONS OF BRITSH POUNDS OF DAMAGE THE BEST OF THE SILENT VICTORY OF THE SILENT SERVICE [THE NAVY] A GREAT STRATEGIC VICTORY, BUT NO GLORY IN IT SEA POWER OF GERMANY SURRENDERED UNDER THE EYES OF THE FLEET IT DARED NOT ENCOUNTER SINGULAR TRIBUTE OF ENEMY WITHOUT JOINING IN ACTION, GIVES TESTIMONY TO PRESTIGE AND EFFICIENCY OF OUR FLEET WITHOUT PARALLEL IN HISTORY – THE ENEMY WAS ALSO IN THE BEST POSITION TO JUDGE THIS! – BEATTY [VAN DER VAT, P#120-2]

SURRENDER WW I GERMAN NAVY COPYRIGHT F. GADEK 02/14/ ME: SO AGAIN INTIMIDATION BY THE BRITISH NAVY AND FEAR OF THEM DEFEATED THE GERMAN NAVY ANOTHER PAX BRITANNIA LIKE IN NELSON’S TIME, BUT IN A VERY DIFFERENT ERA!

SURRENDER WW I GERMAN NAVY COPYRIGHT F. GADEK 02/14/ ME: IN BOTH WW I AND WW II, ALMOST LANDLOCKED GERMANY DEPENDED UPON & USED ARMY MORE THAN NAVY. VERY UNDERSTANDABLE, BUT QUESTIONABLE!

SURRENDER WW I GERMAN NAVY COPYRIGHT F. GADEK 02/14/ LOT MORE SPECIFIC DETAILS IN MANY OTHER POWERPOINT PRESENTATIONS OF COURSE ON THE MANY OTHER EVENTS SURROUNDING THIS SURRENDER !