DNA The Discovery of DNA. Griffith and Transformation: Transformation: One strain of bacteria (harmless) had changed into disease-causing strain Meant.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
DNA Structure.
Advertisements

End Show Slide 1 of 37 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Biology.
End Show Slide 1 of 37 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Biology.
Genes are made of DNA (11.1) Objectives Key Terms
DNA. 12–1 DNA Griffith and Transformation I Griffith and Transformation In 1928, British scientist Fredrick Griffith was trying to learn how certain.
Griffith and Transformation
1 Chapter 12 DNA & RNA DNA How do genes work? What are they made of? How do they determine characteristics of organisms? In the middle of the.
12.1 Identifying the Substance of Genes
DNA 12-1.
12. 1 DNA: The Genetic Material. 1)Griffith injects mice with disease causing bacteria  the mice die 2)Griffith injects mice with harmless bacteria 
End Show Slide 1 of 37 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 12–1 DNA.
Nucleic Acids The Genetic Material. Two types of Nucleic acids RNA RNA DNA DNA.
DNA History and Structure History. Friedrich Miescher  Published in 1871  First to isolate and identify DNA and suggested its role in heredity.
12-1 DNA.
Zoology. I. Discovery of DNA A. Objectives i. Relate how Griffith’s bacterial experiments showed that a hereditary factor was involved in transformation.
EQ: How did the structure of DNA lead scientist to the function of the molecule?
Discovery and composition
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
DNA: Deoxyribonucleic Acid. I. Molecule for Heredity A. Scientists needed a molecule that could carry 3 main functions: 1. Carry genes from generation.
DNA: History and Structure. A Brief History of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid): –Discovery of DNA by many different scientists –1928 – Griffith – studied.
What we’ve learned so far… Cells make proteins Genetic information is passed on through chromosomes Compacted DNA and proteins= chromosomes Genetic information.
DNA and RNA Griffith Griffith was trying to figure out how bacteria made people sick Griffith was trying to figure out how bacteria made people.
DNA: The Genetic Material
DNA & RNA DNA.
DNA: The Stuff of Life. Griffith and Transformation In 1928, British scientist Fredrick Griffith was trying to learn how certain types of bacteria caused.
Nucleic Acids.
Slide 1 of 37 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Biology.
Chapter 12 DNA and RNA.
The Discovery of DNA. The DNA Revolution In 1928, Griffith discovered that a factor in heat-killed, disease causing bacteria can “ transform” harmless.
13.1: The Structure of DNA.
DNA.
DNA Structure and Replication
DNA, RNA, and Proteins Section 1 Section 1: The Structure of DNA Preview Bellringer Key Ideas DNA: The Genetic Material Searching for the Genetic Material.
NUCLEIC ACIDS Chapter 12 DNA and RNA. Where did we find Genes and who discovered them?  In 1928 Frederick Griffith tried to figure out how bacteria made.
Jeopardy DNA1 DNA2 DNA3 DNA4 DNA5 Q $100 Q $200 Q $300 Q $400 Q $500 Q $100 Q $200 Q $300 Q $400 Q $500 Final Jeopardy.
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
DNA. How was DNA discovered? There were 3 major experiments that led to the discovery of DNA as the genetic material. –Griffiths Transformations –Avery.
End Show Slide 1 of 37 Biology Mr. Karns DNA. End Show Slide 2 of 37 12–1 DNA.
DNA: The Genetic Material. Identifying the Genetic Material Experiments of Griffith and Avery yielded results that suggested DNA was genetic material.
Chap. 10 : Nucleic Acids & Protein Synthesis I. DNA – deoxyribonucleic acid - function – store and use information to direct activities of the cell and.
Biologist first had to discover the chemical nature of the genes.
Part Scientists DNA # 1DNA # 2 RNA #1 RNA #2.
Chapter 11: DNA & the Language of Life – Genes are made of DNA Review: – 1928: Griffith used bacteria in mice to discover “transforming factor”
12-1: DNA Biology 2. In the mid 1900’s biologists wondered: How do genes work? What are they made of? How do they determine characteristics? Are they.
Review What organelle is the “control center” of the cell? The nucleus What structures are found in the nucleus? Chromosomes What structures are located.
DNA Introduction. What is DNA? Genetic information of life Type of Nucleic Acid Double Stranded.
Aim: How does DNA store the genetic information? DNA.
DNA: The Genetic Material. DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid.
1 Chapter 9 DNA the Genetic Material. 2 Transformation-Griffith Griffith discovery about transformation occurred by accident. Griffith’s transformation.
The History of DNA. 1.Griffith- experiment showed that live uncoated bacteria acquired the ability to make coats from dead coated bacteria. He called.
Chapter 12 Section 1: DNA. Objective Describe the experiments and research that lead to the discovery of DNA as the genetic material and the structure.
Chapter #12 – DNA, RNA, & Protein Synthesis. I. DNA – experiments & discoveries A. Griffith and Transformation Frederick Griffith – British scientist.
DNA and RNA Chapter 12. Griffith and Transformation.
Griffith’s Experiment
Objective: Discuss DNA and base pairing
Chapter 12.1 DNA.
Interest Grabber Order! Order!
DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid
DNA and RNA Chapter 12.
DNA and RNA Chapter 12.
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
DNA Structure Standard 3.1.1
Warm Up 2 1/27 1. From this experiment, Griffith concluded that one strain of bacteria is changed in form by the gene of another. This is called ______________.
DNA and RNA Chapter 12.
Scientists who Identified DNA
DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Ch. 12 DNA & RNA What we’ve learned so far… Cells make proteins
What are genes made of and how do they work?
Nucleic acids (DNA & RNA)
DNA: History and Structure.
Presentation transcript:

DNA The Discovery of DNA

Griffith and Transformation: Transformation: One strain of bacteria (harmless) had changed into disease-causing strain Meant gene with info was transferred from heat- killed into live cells

The Discovery of DNA Avery tried to break down the heat-killed bacteria with enzyme that would usually break up DNA, but it didn’t Avery concluded that DNA is nucleic acid that stores and transmits the genetic info from 1 generation to another

The Discovery of DNA Hershey and Chase Experiment: Studied bacteriophages (viruses) “bacteria eaters” made of DNA/RNA and protein coat Bacteriophages inject DNA into bacteria, the viral genes act to produce many new bacteriophages and burst of out cell Conclusion: using radioactive markers, genetic material of bacteriophage was DNA not protein Don’t copy

The Structure of DNA DNA is molecule made of nucleotides Nucleotides made of 3 parts: 5 Carbon sugar called Deoxyribose Phosphate group Nitrogenous Base Point out nucleotides for DNA activity on papers

The Structure of DNA Purines (2 rings) Adenine Guanine 4 Nitrogenous Bases: Pyrimidines (1 ring) Cytosine Thymine

The Double Helix Watson and Crick’s model of DNA was a double helix, where two strands were wound around each other They discovered that hydrogen bonds could form between certain nitrogenous bases and provide enough force to hold 2 strands together Base-pairing: Andenine=Thymine Guanine=Cytosine Remember: Tits=Ass Good=Candy

DNA vs RNA DNA (Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid) Double Stranded Nucleotides include: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine DNA is “read” to make RNA RNA (RiboNucleic Acid) Single Stranded Nucleotides include: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil RNA is “read” to make proteins

Elements