DO NOW 1. Get out your measuring homework 2. Put all signed paperwork in the bin. 3. Estimate the volume of liquid in the graduated cylinder pictured below.

Examine the two types of cookies on the next slide. Answer the following: - Which cookie would you eat first: A or B? - List at least 2 reasons why you would eat that cookie first.

WHICH WOULD YOU PREFER? COOKIE A COOKIE B

Steps of the Scientific Method

1. Observation

Steps of the Scientific Method 2. Question

Steps of the Scientific Method 3. Research

Steps of the Scientific Method 4. Hypothesis -Proposed answer to a scientific question.

Steps of the Scientific Method 5. Experiment

Steps of the Scientific Method 6. Analyze Data

Steps of the Scientific Method 7. Conclusion Data supports or does not support the hypothesis! PROVE

Cookie Lab!

Variables

Types of Variables: Independent Definition: what is changed by the scientist (experimenter)

HINT: THAT’S YOU!

Types of Variables: Independent Definition: what is changed by the scientist (experimenter) Explanation: – What is tested? – What is manipulated?

Types of Variables: Dependent Definition: what might be affected by the change

Types of Variables: Dependent Definition: what might be affected by the change Explanation: – What is observed? – What is measured? – The data collected during the investigation

Types of Variables: Constant Definition: something that is not changed but remains the same throughout Explanation: – How we know the changes are due to the independent variable and not something else.

Control Group Definition: Standard of comparison. Explanation: - Compare the experimental group(s) to the control group. * Usually does not have independent variable.

Let’s Practice!!!!!!

Example #1 Students of different ages were given the same jigsaw puzzle to put together. They were timed to see how long it took to finish the puzzle. Identify: – Dependent variable: – Independent variable: – Constant:

Dependent Variable: Time: How long it took the students to put it together

Independent Variable: Ages of the Students

Constant: Same Puzzle

Example #2 An investigation was done to see how different fertilizers would affect plant growth Identify: – Dependent variable: – Independent variable: – Control Group:

Dependent Variable: Plant Growth

Independent Variable: Fertilizers

Controlled group: Same plant, same location, etc. BUT no fertilizer added

Example #3 An investigation was done with an electromagnetic system made from a battery and wire wrapped around a nail. Different sizes of nails were used. The number of paper clips the electromagnet could pick up was measured. Identify: – Dependent variable: – Independent variable: – Constant:

Dependent Variable: Number of paper clips picked up

Independent Variable: Size of nails

Constant: Battery, wire, type of nail, etc

Example #4 The higher the temperature of water, the faster an egg will boil. Identify: – Dependent variable: – Independent variable: – Constant:

Dependent Variable: Time to cook an egg

Independent Variable: Temperature of water

Control Group: Egg that was never cooked

Example #5 The temperature of water was measured at different depths of a pond. Identify: – Dependent variable: – Independent variable: – Constant :

Dependent Variable: Temperature

Independent Variable: Depth of water

Constants: Pond measured, thermometer, time of day

Hypothesis Practice Suzie observed that plants need sunlight, water and soil to grow. Suzie’s Research Question: What amount of water makes a peace lily plant grow the tallest in two weeks? Suzie’s Hypothesis: If the plants are watered different amounts, then the plant watered everyday will grow the tallest in two weeks.

Practice: Write hypothesis for the scenarios below 1.Mai observed that leaving fruit on the counter for a few days attracted fruit flies. 2.Ali went to the park and noticed that the kids playing basketball did not make all of their shots. 3. Noah cooked some pasta and noticed that the noodles got soft after cooking.