Warm UP! 9/13/ In a chemical reaction what is the role of a catalyst? 2. Why do we need to understand the charges of atoms in biology? 3. How can you tell if an atom is balanced? Or if it has a positive charge or a negative charge?

What am I? A protein? Carbohydrate? Lipid? Mineral? etc

Chemical Basis for Life Chapter 6

Why do we need Chemistry in Biology? An understanding of biology requires a little knowledge of chemistry, and an understanding of chemistry requires a little knowledge of mathematics. It is important to know aspects of chemistry to make biology come alive.

Modern biology overlaps with chemistry in explaining the structure and function of all cellular processes at the molecular level. These chemical concepts will allow you to construct greater meaning of the more complex biological principles. So…. What do you need to know?

is made of atoms, which are the smallest particles of an element that still have all the properties of an element. is anything that takes up space and has mass.

 Living organisms require about 20 elements (There are 92 elements in nature and 19 made)  Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen make up more than 95% of the human body.  The other elements include: calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, chlorine, sodium, magnesium and many other trace elements (meaning they have a very small amount: iron, zinc, copper, etc)

 Smallest amount of an element  Made up of 3 subatomic particles ◦ Neutrons (o) = neutral/no charge ◦ Protons (+) = positive charge ◦ Electrons (-) = negative charge

 Protons and Neutrons are found in the nucleus of the atom. Why is this important and what does it have to do with biology?  Electrons are in motion in the space around the nucleus. # E- = # P+

The positive charge from the Proton and the Negative charge from the electron balance out the charge of the atom. Euglenas tell the amoebas what you think would happen to the charge of the atom if it were to loose an electron. These charges are what eventually aid in forming combinations of atoms- or chemical compounds …for example: water is made from Hydrogen and Oxygen.

 Proton (+) = the guy  Electron (-) = the girl  Neutron (o) = the wing man  The electron is attracted to it’s opposite charge (the proton +) so it remains in orbit around the nucleus, but it plays “hard to get” by maintaining a velocity that is fast enough that it’s never pulled into the nucleus. The neutron is there to support the nucleus but it never gets involved.

 STOP POINT!  STOP POINT!  Atomic structure hand out

Nucleus What would the electron distribution for Calcium with an atomic number of 20 be? How does this reflect to the Matterville analogy?

Nucleus What would the electron distribution for Neon with an atomic number of 10 be?