The Impact of Sleep Deprivation on High School Academic Performance Diana Akhmetzyanova Georgia College & State University

theory Sleep Deprivation- acute or chronic lack of sufficient sleep Sleep Deprivation- acute or chronic lack of sufficient sleep Consequences: Consequences: Health problems Health problems Mood disorders Mood disorders Mental performance Mental performance Question: How is a student’s GPA affected by insufficient amount of sleep? Question: How is a student’s GPA affected by insufficient amount of sleep?

Previous literature Link and Ancoli-Israel (1995) students with higher GPA woke up later on school mornings and took fewer naps. Link and Ancoli-Israel (1995) students with higher GPA woke up later on school mornings and took fewer naps. Wolfson and Carscadon (1998) students with higher GPA had more total sleep and earlier bedtimes on school nights. Wolfson and Carscadon (1998) students with higher GPA had more total sleep and earlier bedtimes on school nights. Axelrod, Goebel, and Jaskiel (2012) sleep deprivation has negative effect on academic, athletic, and behavioral aspects of student’s life. Axelrod, Goebel, and Jaskiel (2012) sleep deprivation has negative effect on academic, athletic, and behavioral aspects of student’s life.

data National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health Wave One: Cross-sectional data collected during school year among adolescents in grades 7-12 (9-12) in the U.S. Wave One: Cross-sectional data collected during school year among adolescents in grades 7-12 (9-12) in the U.S. Wave Three: Cross-sectional data collected between August 2001 and April 2002 among adolescents years old Wave Three: Cross-sectional data collected between August 2001 and April 2002 among adolescents years old

variables DEMOGRAPHICS SEX HISPANIC AFRICAN AMERICAN NATIVE AMERICAN ASIAN NO DAD DAD WITH COLLEGE DEGREE NO MUM MUM WITH COLLEGE DEGREE INCOME BEHAVIOR SLEEP DEPRIVED SPORT FRIENDS WORKED FOR PAY TOO MUCH TV ALCOHOL WEED COCAINE INHALANT CIGARETTES SCHOOL GPA WANT TO GO TO COLLEGE HAPPY AT SCHOOL SKIP SCHOOL

Empirical model GPA i =B 0 + B 1 SD i + B 2 MALE i + B 3 WHITE i +B 4 NO_DAD i +B 5 DAD_COLLEGE i + B 6 NO_MUM i + B 7 MUM_COLLEGE i + B 8 SPORT i + B 9 FRIENDS i +B 10 WANT_T_C i +B 11 HAPPY_A_S i + B 12 WORK_FOR_PAY i + B 13 HH_INCOME i + +B 14 TOO_MUCH_TV i + B 15 SKIP_SCHOOL i + B 16 ALCOHOL i +B 17 WEED i +B 18 COCAINE i + B 19 INHALANT i + B 20 CIGS i +B 19 AFRICAN_AMERICAN i + B 20 NATIVE_AMERICAN i + B 19 ASIAN i + B 20 HISPANIC i + E i

Summary statistics VARIABLEMEANSTD. DEV.MINMAX GPA SLEEP DEPRIVED MALE WHITE HISPANIC AFRICAN AMERICAN NATIVE AMERICAN ASIAN NO DAD DAD COLLEGE NO MUM MUM COLLEGE N=2,206

SUMMARY STATISTICS VARIABLEMEANSTD. DEV.MINMAX SPORT FRIENDS WANT COLLEGE HAPPY AT SCHOOL WORK FOR PAY INCOME TOO MUCH TV SKIP SCHOOL ALCOHOL WEED COCAINE INHALANT CIGS

RESULTS VARIABLECOEF.STD. ERRORP-VALUE SLEEP DEPRIVED MALE HISPANIC AFRICAN AMERICAN NATIVE AMERICAN ASIAN NO DAD DAD COLLEGE NO MUM MUM COLLEGE SPORT R 2 =.31

results VARIABLECOEF.STD. ERRORP-VALUE FRIENDS WANT COLLEGE HAPPY AT SCHOOL WORK FOR PAY INCOME TOO MUCH TV SKIP SCHOOL ALCOHOL WEED COCAINE INHALANT CIGARETTES

conclusion No statistical evidence that sleeping less than 7 hours during school affects GPA No statistical evidence that sleeping less than 7 hours during school affects GPA Engagement in “bad” behaviors has negative effect on GPA Engagement in “bad” behaviors has negative effect on GPA Weed  -.17 Weed  -.17 Cigarettes  -.21 Cigarettes  -.21 Students with parents who have college degree have higher GPA Students with parents who have college degree have higher GPA Dad College .24 Dad College .24 Mum College .23 Mum College .23

limitations Small sample of sleep deprived individuals Small sample of sleep deprived individuals No data on hours of sleep during weekends No data on hours of sleep during weekends Variables “Want to go to college” and “Happy at School” might result in endogeneity bias Variables “Want to go to college” and “Happy at School” might result in endogeneity bias

Thank you ! Have a Good Night Sleep!