Elements of Architecture

Space Refers to that which is enclosed by architecture An architect’s job is to organize space while giving consideration to both form and function

Organization of Space in a Gothic Cathedral

Amiens Cathedral, France

Context Refers to the external elements that influence a structure. These may be physical or non-physical. Roads, buildings, and land contours or characteristics are examples of physical elements. non-physical elements include weather conditions, local culture, history, and economic constraints.

Igloo Hotel. Cantwell, Alaska

Scale Refers to the size of a building or it’s components in relation to the size of a human body. Buildings scaled to human physical capabilities have steps, doorways, railings, work surfaces, seating, shelves, fixtures, walking distances, and other features that fit well to the average person.

Scale can range from small and intimate to monumental and awe inspiring US Supreme Court Building Yellow Treehouse Restaurant. Auckland, NZ

Proportions It is the visual effect of the relationships of the shapes and sizes of the various objects and spaces that make up a structure.

The Greeks used the golden section (golden ratio) to assist them in determining the most visually pleasing arrangement and proportions when constructing their temples The Golden Rectangle

The design of the Parthenon, Athens is based on the golden rectangle.

Form The external arrangement of a building Is it a solid block or a series of combined shapes? Is it vertically or horizontally oriented? Geometric or organic?

I. M. Pei. The Louvre Pyramid

Frank Gehry. Disney Concert Hall

Circulation The flow of traffic through a space. How well is the space suited to its purpose? Is there a connection between the buildings form and function?

Repetition Device used to harmonize architecture within itself and/or to its surroundings

Details Embellishments such as: colour, texture, surface embellishments, etc FLW. Robie House

FLW. Windows.