EYE ANATOMY

R OOT W ORDS

E YE A NATOMY

E YE A NATOMY The orbital bone The eye socket Eye is cushioned within orbit by pads of fat Lacrimal gland Produces tears

E YE A NATOMY Eyelids (L): Protection against particles and light Help spread tears over surface of eye- moist & comfort Eyelashes (L): Filter out foreign matter

E YE A NATOMY Sclera (S): “White of the eye” Tough, opaque tissue that extends around the eye Attached to the extraocular muscles

E YE A NATOMY Extraocular Muscles Help move the eye left, right, up, down and diagonally These 6 muscles are: Superior rectus Inferior rectus Medial rectus Lateral rectus Inferior oblique Superior oblique

E YE A NATOMY Cornea (K): Clear tissue infront of the Irisi Function: Focus light as it enters eye Avascular Only organ that has no blood vessels

E YE A NATOMY Pupil (P): Central opening of iris Iris (I): Ring shaped tissue Colored part of eye Controls the amount of light that enters the eye Two muscle fibers: Contraction Constricts pupil in bright light Dilation Dilates pupil in dark

E YE A NATOMY Crystalline Lens: Clear, flexible structure Behind the iris & pupil The lens & ciliary body help control fine focusing of light as it passes through the eye patients-high-definition-vision-better-than-2020/2558/

E YE A NATOMY Vitreous Chamber: Located behind the lens & in front of the retina Filled with a gel-like fluid called the vitreous humor The vitreous help maintain the shape of the eye

E YE A NATOMY Retina: Acts like the film in a camera to create an image hhttp://www1.appstate.edu/~kms/classes/psy3203/EyePhysio/human_retina.htm

E YE A NATOMY Retina: Acts like the film in a camera to create an image Converts light signals into nerve signal then send these signals to the optic nerve Optic nerve carries the signals to the brain hhttp://www1.appstate.edu/~kms/classes/psy3203/EyePhysio/human_retina.htm

E YE A NATOMY Retina: Acts like the film in a camera to create an image Converts light signals into nerve signal then send these signals to the optic nerve Optic nerve carries the signals to the brain Rods- low light situations Cones- allows you to see color hhttp://www1.appstate.edu/~kms/classes/psy3203/EyePhysio/human_retina.htm

E YE A NATOMY Optic Nerve A bundle of 1 million nerve fibers Responsible for transmitting nerve signals from the eye to the brain The optic disc is the front surface of the optic nerve The optic disc is visible on the retina health.html

E YE A NATOMY Macula Located in the central part of the retina Responsible for giving sharp central vision Used for reading, recognizing faces, and watching TV neration_frequently_asked_questions

O PTIC C HIASM The X-Shaped space infront of the pituitary gland where the optic nerves cross the brain

C ILIARY B ODY Ciliary muscle, which changes the shape of the lens when your eyes focus on something. This process is called Accommodation.

TAPETUM LUCIDUM - A layer of tissue lying behind the retina that reflex more light for the photoreceptors. - Found in nocturnal mammals for night vision

C ATARACT Clouding of the lens which leads to decreased vision Mostly due to age: degrading of the lens

G LAUCOMA Disease that damages the optic nerve which results in blindness Results from increased pressure from fluid build up