 Institutional & Governance Review  Anti-Corruption Report  Financial Accountability Assessment  Procurement Assessment  Survey on Urban Service Delivery  Survey of households, businesses and civil servants on governance-related issues

 Energy Sector  Financial Sector  Education Sector  Health Sector

 Role of state: wide-scale nationalization post-independence  Tight control over resources by the elite – patronage network dating back to the military dictatorship  Heavy reliance on personal networks, resulting in pervasive patron-client relationships  Well organized interest groups influence political decisions

 Significant discrepancy between private agendas and public agendas  The poor lack “voice” and often have to attach themselves to a patron to survive  Grudging acceptance of the growing plunder of state resources  Confrontational political environment

 Internal organization of the major political parties controlled by a handful of leaders, who are often dictatorial and discourage dissent  The judiciary: recourse to courts is costly and risky  Deteriorating law & order: police as predators not protectors  Politicization and corruption of the civil service

 Reorient the role of Government  Energize administrative reform  Strengthening systems of accountability: parliament, C&AG, police, judiciary  Decentralize  Strengthen civil society

 World class non-governmental organizations (BRAC, Grameen, etc)  Emergence of a new breed of private sector entrepreneurs  Growth of independent research organizations and think tanks  Rapid expansion of basic education  Thriving and increasingly independent press

 Awami League defeated in national elections in October 2001  BNP coalition elected with a two- thirds majority: ran on a platform to improve governance and law and order  Approved publication of several governance-related documents  Discussions underway to support a “Governance Improvement Credit”

 PROSHIKA (A large Bangladeshi NGO)  40 Community-Based Organizations  Survey & Research Systems (SRS)  Public Affairs Center (Bangalore)  AUSAID, CIDA, Netherlands, UNDP and USAID