Modélisation de l’apprenant Roger Nkambou

Introduction Les approches Les services Les techniques Le modèle de l’apprenant et la standardisation : Le e-Portfolio

ePortfolio : IMS Specification

IMS ePortfolio Specification The ePortfolio Specification enables the use of the Internet for personalized, competency-based learning and assessment, enhanced career planning, and improved employment opportunities

What an ePortfolio can contain Digital products of learning Personal information about the owner(s) Competencies of the owner(s) Goals Activities undertaken or planned Achievements Accessibility preferences Interests and values Reflections Assertions and comments Test and examination results Information about activities undertaken and planned Information about creation and ownership of portfolio parts Relationships between parts of the portfolio Dynamically-constructed views and presentations

Specification Benefits Improve Interoperability Track and improve management of skill and knowledge gaps Support multiple languages and cultures Support lifelong learning Save money and time Increase participative learning Support accessibility preferences for all learners Support individual and group based learning

Types of ePortfolios supported Assessment ePortfolios Demonstrate achievement via evidence related to standards Example: A nursing student submits an assessment portfolio as evidence of a specific competency requirement. Presentation ePortfolios Present an audience with evidence of learning and achievement. Example: a software engineer creates a presentation ePortfolio for use in a job interview. Learning ePortfolios Document, guide, and advance learning over time. Example: a secondary school student documents how his technology skills have improved. Personal Development ePortfolios Plan and record progress on career and knowledge goals. Working ePortfolios Combination of the other eportfolios

The Need for Standards We need standards for ePortfolios which enable Portability of ePortfolios across applications Comparability of portfolio data across organizations Interoperability of applications with other systems

Goals of the Specification Portability of portfolios between technical contexts System behavior out of scope Accommodate diverse practices Across sectors Multiple types of tools Reuse existing specifications Support use in common Internet technologies (e.g. XML)

LIP ACCLIP RDCEO Enterprise XSL

Components of Specification Information Model Normative, not technology specific Binding Normative XML schemas (4) + narrative “Best Practices” Guide Non-normative Examples and suggestions Vocabularies Rubric Specification Specification (information model) Binding (schema + narrative)

OSPI Implementation of IMS Import and Export Using IMS ePortfolio Reference implementation(s) OSP Winter 2004 OSP 2.x - Spring 2005

Community Issues in ePortfolios Validation and verification Comparability Vocabularies Granularity of relationships Discovery

European IMS Separate non-profit Incorporated in The Netherlands Goals Ensure participation and use by Europe in open specifications Support adoption of specifications by European vendors Promote an inclusive, open, accessible, European and Global elearning market (i.e. “level the playing field”) Promote the development of open source libraries to foster implementation and innovation