Chapter 16, sections 1, 2, 3, 5 Biology Unit 2: Human Impact on Ecosystems 1

Chapter 16 part 1: Human Population Growth and Natural Resources population/ population/ Carry capacity: The maximum population an environment can support In terms of net gain (births minus deaths), we are adding over 200,000 people to this planet every day, or 140 PEOPLE every minute. That equals over 70 million more people every year. 2

World population growth (p. 454 in book) 3

What would happen if we surpass carrying capacity? This is called J-shape population curve which has been scientifically proven in multitudes of other animals and even specific populations of humans. 4

Earth Carrying Capacity Right now it is believed to be about 10 billion. We will hit that year Humans have been able to increase the overall carrying capacity with innovation in Agriculture, engineering, transportation, medicine, and sanitation 5

Renewable Vs. Nonrenewable resources Right now coal and oil support a majority of our country’s energy use Coal and oil is made by the compression and concentration of dead organisms over millions of years. These are considered nonrenewable resources because they are being used up faster than they are being made. 6

Renewable Vs. Nonrenewable resources Resources that cannot be used up or that can be replenished over time are called renewable resources Best definition of renewable resource: If it is currently being used at a slower rate than it is being produced 7

Ecological Footprint Ecological footprint: The amount of land necessary to produce and maintain enough food, water, shelter, energy as waste. Related to efficiency of resource used and amount of waste produced The average ecological footprint of a person from the US is 9.7 hectares (24 football fields) 8

Our ecological footprint (p. 457 in book) 9

Chapter 16 Part 2: Air Quality Read “Connect to your world” at the top of page 458 This paragraph basically says this… energy originates from sun  plants  animals  biomass (fossil fuels like oil and coal)  energy for car  pollutants in air Again, understand paragraph on page

Smog and Ozone What is the definition of pollution? Where do most air pollutant come from? What is smog? What is ozone? Read and understand first paragraph on ozone on page 459. The chemistry in that paragraph is complex. It can be simplified NO 2 +O 2 will produce O 3 on ground Where is good ozone? When is it good for the biosphere? Why does it form on groundlevel? 11

Acid Rain What is acid rain? What is the normal pH of rain? What is the pH of acid rain? What are the ecological effects of acid rain? 12

Greenhouse Effect What is the definition of the greenhouse effect? Greenhouse gasses: H 2 0 (water vapor), CO 2 (carbon dioxide), and CH 4 (methane gas) Understand briefly what it is… Quick demonstration or use p

Global Warming How much has earth temperatures increased over past 100 years? How are greenhouse gasses related to global warming? By the year 2100 how much will temperature increase? 14

16.3 Water Quality What are indicator species? What is an example of an indicator spices and why? What is biomagnification? Why are species higher on the food chain more effected by water pollution? Understand figure 3.2 in book Know the difference between discrete and continuous data If you answer questions on page 467 from data you are good. 15

16.5 Conservation What is sustainable development? What are the four things fisheries can do to help make the industry more sustainable? What is an umbrella species? What is The Clean Water Act? How has the clean water act increase the amount of clean water ways? How does government programs help with conservation efforts? What is the endangered species act? 16