1 Governance, Transparency and Development : Incentives an Strategies for Transparency and Accountability János Bertók Innovation and Integrity Division OECD, Paris

2 Public Sector Integrity: why so critical today? Integrity has become a key factor in the quality of government  Corruption: result of systemic failure  Impacts on competitiveness -- distorts competition, risk-factor for economy  Corruption scandals lead to the loss of public confidence Public sector managers face a rapidly changing environment  Decentralisation, devolved management with more discretionary power  Increased commercialisation creates new public private sector interface Increased public expectation  Changing relationship between public servants and citizens Globalisation and contact with other ethical and cultural norms Globalisation and contact with other ethical and cultural norms -- changing societal norms

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4 Ensuring Integrity in Daily Management Context dependence: taking into account the political, legal and administrative institutions and culture Not only doing the things right but also DOING THE RIGHT THINGS  Increase efficiency and effectiveness, e.g. using new ICTs  Defining clear mission, updating values and standard to reflect expectations Creating a working environment that ensures Transparency and reinforces integrity  In recruitment and promotion  In administrative procedures  Preventing conflicts of interest

5 Tool No. 8: Gifts checklist  G enuineIs this gift genuine, in appreciation for something I have done in my role as a public official, and not sought or encouraged by me?  I ndependentIf I accepted this gift, would a reasonable person have any doubt that I would be independent in doing my job in the future, when the person responsible for this gift is involved or affected?  F reeIf I accepted this gift, would I feel free of any obligation to do something in return for the person responsible for the gift, or for his/her family or friends/associates?  T ransparent Am I prepared to declare this gift and its source, transparently, to my organisation and its clients, to my professional colleagues, and to the media and the public generally?

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7 Lessons Maintaining trust requires permanent efforts Maintaining trust requires permanent efforts  Updating standards, values, modernising supportive frameworks  Periodical assessment and fine-tuning Put emphasis on both preparation and implementation Put emphasis on both preparation and implementation  Visible success of passing laws  Changing the culture needs efforts of all stakeholders and more time

8 Creating conditions for success  Developing ownership of reform-measures  Integrity measures are not only technical or administrative in nature -- i t is also a social process that needs Consultation with stakeholders Consultation with stakeholders Communication through media Communication through media Involvement of civil servants to motivate them Involvement of civil servants to motivate them  Integrating integrity measures into overall management  Shifting emphasis from enforcement to prevention