Kunzmann, Neumann, Reuter, 10. Juni 2005 Session 3 Current and Future Relationship of ESA and EU - Report of the Rapporteurs – by Katharina Kunzmann, Julia Neumann & Thomas Reuter Institute of Air and Space Law, University of Cologne

Kunzmann, Neumann, Reuter, 10. Juni 2005 European Cooperation in Space 1962/64:European Space Research Organisation (ESRO) European Launcher Development Organisation (ELDO) 1975: European Space Agency (ESA) Since 1990s: European Union (EU) Increased competences Space indispensable instrument for the implementation of EU- policies Strategic dimension of space

Kunzmann, Neumann, Reuter, 10. Juni 2005 Rapprochement between ESA and EU 1998: Joint Decision of ESA-Council and EU-Council on European Space Strategy Joint implementation of programmes: Galileo GMES 2000: Three Wise Men Report 2003: White Paper 2004: Framework Agreement EU – Constitutional Treaty

Kunzmann, Neumann, Reuter, 10. Juni 2005 ESAEU Intergovernmental cooperationSupranational organisation (EC) Deals exclusively with spaceSpace as one among other policies “Bottom up“ approach“Top down“ approach Exclusively peaceful purposesCFSP and ESDP Optional ParticipationUniformity of EU-law Principle of fair return“Free competition” “One state - one vote”Art. 205 EC Switzerland / NorwayEastern Enlargement + Luxemburg

Kunzmann, Neumann, Reuter, 10. Juni 2005 Issues for a closer relationship between ESA and EU Task sharing arrangement ESA: Implementation of Space Programmes EU: Establishment of a regulatory framework for space activities, Integration of requirements from other policy fields, Strategic dimension, External relations Coherent decision-making procedure Funding of space activities Fair return principle vs. “free competition” Integration of military space cooperation

Kunzmann, Neumann, Reuter, 10. Juni 2005 Models for a future institutional relationship between ESA and EU 1. Accession model 2. Cooperation model 3. Integration model Cooperation Agreement Member states: France Germany Spain … European Union EU joins ESA EU participates in ESA-programmes to implement its space policy ESA becomes EU-agency for space Establishment of European Space Policy by the organs of the EU ESA and EU remain independent organisations Relationship governed by cooperation agreement

Kunzmann, Neumann, Reuter, 10. Juni 2005 Project 2001 plus workshop in Brussels, Dec. 5th and 6th 2002 The EU and Space: Constitutional and Institutional Aspects The background and context of Institutional Realignment International Institutional Law Aspects of Cooperation between International Organisations Of Cooperation and Competition: Galileo as a Subject of European Law From Joint Aviation Authorities to European Air Safety Agency Project ESA – EU: "Legal framework for a coherent future structure of European space activities."

Kunzmann, Neumann, Reuter, 10. Juni 2005 Thank you!