مفهوم – عوامل و پیامدهای استرس A.رویکردهای استرس و تعریف آن B.ارزیابی شناختی استرس C.عوامل موثر بر استرس زا ارزیابی کردن موقعیت D.واکنش به استرس E.منابع.

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مفهوم – عوامل و پیامدهای استرس A.رویکردهای استرس و تعریف آن B.ارزیابی شناختی استرس C.عوامل موثر بر استرس زا ارزیابی کردن موقعیت D.واکنش به استرس E.منابع استرس F.اندازه گیری استرس

A. رویکردهای استرس و تعریف ان رویکرد محرک رویکرد پاسخ رویکرد تعاملی

B. ارزیابی شناختی استرس انواع ارزیابی شناختی 1.ارزیابی اولیه - بی اثر - مثبت - منفی و استرس زا - خسارت - تهدید - چالش 1.ارزیابی ثانویه 2.ارزیابی مجدد

C. عوامل موثر بر استرس زا ارزیابی کردن موقیت عوامل مربوط به فرد عوامل مربوط به موقعیت

D.واکنش های زیستی روانی و اجتماعی به استرس D1.واکنش زیست شناختی به استرس مغز محور اول :واکنش سریع محور دوم:واکنش کند

....رویکرد های استرس. Definitions: A Response – Physical Response A Stimulus – Life Event A Transaction – between the environmental stimulus and the person

.. Stressors Some Examples?

.. 1. Death of spouse (100) 2. Divorce (73) 8. Fired at Work (47) 14. Gain of new family member (39) 32. Change in Residence (20) 42. Christmas (12) 43. Minor violations of the law (11) Social Readjustment Rating Scale (Holmes & Rahe, 1967)

.... Limitations of Stimulus-Based Definitions of Stress -Variability in Laboratory Stress Responses -Variability in Disease Outcome Among Individuals exposed to Chronic Stress

What Makes Events Stressful? Negative Uncontrollable/Unpredictable Ambiguous Overload More Salient to the Person

A Transactional Definition of Stress “a particular relationship between the person and the environment that is appraised by the person as taxing or exceeding his or her resources and endangering his or her well- being” Lazarus and Folkman, 1984 Folkman,

Richard Lazarus’s View of Stress Proposes that the interpretation of stressful events is more important than the events themselves The individual’s perception of the event and their ability to cope with it determines the degree of stress

.. Walter Cannon & Hans Selye

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