T OPIC : E NVIRONMENTAL E FFECTS OF C HEMICALS V IDEO & C ATCH U P P ERIOD Date: Friday, April 5 th, 2013 G RADE 10: C HEMISTRY

P UZZLERS Created by: Mr. Luoma

E LEMENT OF THE D AY

What is one of the most popular element names? Hint: marketers apply this name to thousands of products whether they contain this element or not because of its known strength.

E LEMENT OF THE D AY : T ITANIUM Atomic Number: Protons, 22 Electron Atomic Weight: Location: Group 4 Titans – Greek God Strong Non-rusting Non-allergenic Expensive Difficult to refine the metal

E LEMENT OF THE D AY : TITANIUM Why is Titanium cool to learn about? Used for its strength: In some golf clubs Jet engines Tools Rockets Used inside the body: Artificial hip joints Dental implants Body Jewellery Used in paints Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) = white paints Prevents the under-colour from showing through

E LEMENT OF THE D AY : T ITANIUM Titanium Uses and Properties Video 2 minutes

C HEMISTRY Q UIZ #3 You will need: Writing Utensil Copy of the Quiz Copy of the Periodic Table of Elements with White Sheet of the back Good luck!

Copyright © 2010 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. 5.3 Reactions and Environmental Issues Although chemical reactions can cause environmental issues, they can also be used to help solve environmental challenges. (Page 199)

2C 8 H 18 (l) + 25O 2 (g) 16CO 2 (g) + 18H 2 O(g) Copyright © 2010 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. Treating Car Exhaust The complete combustion of gasoline in a car’s engine is represented by the following chemical equation. Incomplete combustion can result in carbon (C) (soot), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NO 2 and NO 3 ) entering the air. A catalytic converter installed in a vehicle’s exhaust system can help reduce the amounts of these pollutants in the atmosphere. (Pages )

Copyright © 2010 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. Recovering Gold using Cyanide and Zinc Cyanide ions (CN - ) are used to extract gold from rock or ore. 4Au(s) + 8NaCN(aq) + O 2 (g) + 2H 2 O (l) 4Na[Au(CN) 2 ](aq) + 4NaOH(aq) Leaching, a technique that removes gold by dissolving it in an aqueous solution, is used to drain the gold away from the ore. Zinc (Zn) can then be used in a single displacement reaction to displace the gold from the solution. 2Na[Au(CN) 2 ](aq) + Zn(s) 2NaCN(aq) + Zn(CN) 2 (aq) + 2Au(s) (Pages )

Copyright © 2010 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. Cleaning and Disinfecting Pools A variety of compounds containing chlorine (Cl) are used to prevent the growth of bacteria and other organisms in the water in swimming pools and hot tubs. Care must be taken when using these chemicals to ensure that they are effective in disinfecting the water but remain safe for the users. (Page 203)

Copyright © 2010 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. Hazards in the Home Precautions must be taken when using household chemicals. When mixed, reactions could occur that might be detrimental to the user’s health. (Pages )

Copyright © 2010 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. Bleach and Ammonia – A Toxic Combination The mixing of bleach (NaClO) (a compound containing chlorine), and ammonia (NH 3 ) can have dire consequences. Two other ammonia and bleach reactions produce toxic compounds called chloramines (NCl 3 (g) and NH 2 Cl(g)). 2NH 3 (aq) + 2NaClO(aq) 2NaONH 3 (aq) + Cl 2 (g) Toxic chlorine gas (Cl 2 ) is produced in this reaction. NH 3 (aq) + 3NaClO(aq) 3NaOH(aq) + NCl 3 (g) NH 3 (aq) + NaClO(aq) NaOH(aq) + NH 2 Cl(g) += (Page 205)

Copyright © 2010 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. Chemical Safety Be familiar with the WHMIS and HHPS symbols that identify the hazards associated with the handling and use of chemicals at home and in the workplace. Hazardous Household Product Symbols (HHPS) Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) (Page 204)

E FFECTS OF C HEMICALS ON THE E NVIRONMENT Catch-up Period: Quizzes Assignments from missed classes Lab worksheets from missed lab (Tuesday or Thursday) The Big Fix: BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Cover up Video 1 hour, 30 minutes

E NJOY Y OUR W EEKEND !!

S UPPORTING D OCUMENTS ON Science 10 Textbook Pages: Chapter 4 Power Point for ON Science 10 Slides: 23-29

H OMEWORK ON Science 10 Textbook Pg. 201 #1-4 Pg. 204 #5-8 Pg. 206 #1-8 Try #1-27

H OMEWORK A NSWERS Pg They can help break down the oil. 2. nitrogen oxides and gasoline 3. It provides more access to the catalyst. 4. To maximize the volume of pollutants converted

H OMEWORK A NSWERS Pg Because it is effective and less costly 6. Example: 7. chlorine 8. They may burn skin or react explosively.

H OMEWORK A NSWERS Pg Decomposition reactions help break up the oil. 2. It is impractical to provide a tank of pure oxygen gas for the reaction. Nitrogen is allowed in the reaction chamber only because it makes up most of the air in the atmosphere. 3. Example: Negative results include replacement cost and increased insurance cost as well as increased toxic emissions. Sport utility vehicles are most oft en the target because they have greater ground clearance, making it easier to access. Possible solutions include making it less accessible or harder to remove and attaching an alarm, or using a less valuable catalyst. 4. Example: air pollution from motor exhaust, contaminated leachate from gold processing, and excess phosphate from fertilizers

H OMEWORK A NSWERS Pg The substance is corrosive. 6. Catalysts are placed on the surface of the honeycomb structure in the catalytic converter, to maximize the amount (surface area) available to speed the reaction.

H OMEWORK A NSWERS Pg chloramines, chlorine 8. Answers will vary depending on the product chosen. Students could create a brochure, a graphic novel, a podcast, a commercial, a slide/multimedia presentation, or design and build actual packaging for the new product. They should include a new logo, identify the benefits, list the ingredients, and emphasize the reduced packaging and the nature of the packaging. Some green products to consider are body-care and cosmetics, textiles and flooring alternatives, or products used in the home, such as laundry detergents, fabric softeners, bleaches, and cleaning products (e.g., vinegar, pure soap, baking soda, borax, washing soda, drain, toilet bowl, and rug cleaners). Students should select products containing a majority of organic ingredients, products not tested on animals, products that use minimal packaging, and ideally packaging that is reusable, recyclable, or biodegradable.

H OMEWORK A NSWERS Pg See answers online under review section

L ITERACY T EST P REPARATION ON Science 10 Exercise & Homework Book Page 93 Please do not write in these books! 1. Read the blurb: “The Basics of Oven Cleaning” 2. Answer the multiple choice questions (#23-27) in your notebook 3. Write an answer for question 28 in your notebook

L ITERACY T EST P REPARATION : A NSWERS ON Science 10 Exercise & Homework Book Page c a d b a 28. Ammonia vapours can cause eye, lung, and skin irritation. It is also very toxic at high concentrations.