Power is simply energy exchanged per unit time, or how fast you get work done (Watts = Joules/sec) One horsepower = 745 W Perform 100 J of work in 1 s,

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Presentation transcript:

Power is simply energy exchanged per unit time, or how fast you get work done (Watts = Joules/sec) One horsepower = 745 W Perform 100 J of work in 1 s, and call it 100 W Run upstairs, raising your 70 kg (700 N) mass 3 m (2,100 J) in 3 seconds  700 W output! Shuttle puts out a few GW (gigawatts, or 10 9 W) of power!

Hydroelectric plant Drops water 20 m, with flow rate of 2,000 m 3 /s 1 m 3 of water is 1,000 kg, or 9,800 N of weight (force) Every second, drop 19,600,000 N down 20 m, giving 392,000,000 J/s  400 MW of power

In the case of constant power P, the amount of work performed during a period of duration T is given by: P = W/T

Often misused word, though most have the right idea Momentum, denoted p, is mass times velocity p = m·v Momentum is a conserved quantity (and a vector) Often relevant in collisions (watch out for linebackers!) News headline: Wad of Clay Hits Unsuspecting Sled 1 kg clay ball strikes 5 kg sled at 12 m/s and sticks Momentum before collision: (1 kg)(12 m/s) + (5 kg)(0 m/s) Momentum after = 12 kg·m/s  (6 kg)·(2 m/s)