Desire, dream, the Unconscious: Sigmund Freud by Mariam Uzunyan
Introduction Sigmund Freud ( ) was an Austrian neurologist, physiologist, psychologist, and writer. However, Freud’s most prominent study was psychoanalysis, with which he had invented a new science of the mind; hence why he’s now known as “the father of psychoanalysis”. Freud’s innovative treatment of human actions, dreams, and desire as possessing embedded symbolic significance has proven to be productive, and has had immense implications for a wide variety of fields.
Desire Being deprived of a need arouses a feeling called a drive or desire. Animals respond instinctively, humans learn various ways to respond. Human motivation explains the reasons why people behave the way they do. People have DRIVES OR DESIRES in the back of their minds i.e: Will to live, will to die Some of these desires cause people to behave irrationally.
Structure of Personality People are born with a certain number of instincts or drives (human instinctive behavior) EGO, SUPEREGO, ID According to Freud, these three parts combine to create the complex behavior of human beings.
Structures of Personality ID- this part of the mind seeks to bring us pleasure -primitive parts of our personality including aggression, hunger, sexual desire. -Demands immediate satisfaction EGO -Restricts instinctual energy in order to maintain the safety of the individual. Balances demand of Id and superego. Aware of Reality. SUPEREGO- Part of the mind concerned with morals, right and wrong
Freud compared the human mind to an iceberg. The tip above the water represents the consciousness, and the vast region below the surface symbolizes the unconscious mind. Of Freud’s three basic personality structures- id, ego, and superego- only the id is totally unconscious.
Theories of Dreaming Freud called dreams the “royal road to the unconscious”. According to Freud, dreams always have a manifest and latent content. Manifest content- the surface level of a dream. (images, actions) Latent content- the unconscious meaning of a dream.
Wish-Fulfillment Freud believed dreams represented a disguised fulfillment of a repressed wish and are an attempt to satisfy sexual and aggressive impulses that we can not satisfy when we are awake. Utilizing the technique of “free association”, Freud encouraged clients to talk about any thoughts or images that enter their mind. The assumption is that this kind of free-flowing, uncensored talking will provide clues to unconscious material, furthermore revealing the underlying significance of our dreams.
Famous Literary works of Freud Studies On Hysteria (1895) Studies On Hysteria (1895) The Interpretation of Dreams (1900) The Interpretation of Dreams (1900) The Psychopathology of Everyday Life (1901) The Psychopathology of Everyday Life (1901) Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality (1905) Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality (1905) Jokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious (1905) Jokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious (1905) Totem and Taboo (1913) Introduction to Psychoanalysis (1917) Introduction to Psychoanalysis (1917) The ego and the Id (1923) The Future of an Illusion (1927) The Future of an Illusion (1927)
Freud was one of the most influential people of the twentieth century and his enduring legacy has influenced not only psychology, but art, literature and even the way people bring up their children. In addition to his impressive theories of human psychology, he was also a prominent writer, publishing more than 320 different books, articles, and essays.