The Aryans.

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Presentation transcript:

The Aryans

Warm-up 12/16 What does the word invasion mean to you? What are the consequences of invasions?

Definition Question #1 Invasion- Forced entry, intrusion, taking over

Aryan Invasion The Aryans were a group from Eurasia Question #2 The Aryans were a group from Eurasia They were nomads who traveled from place to place Around 1500 BCE, they settled in India around the Indus River

Question #3 Aryan Invasion The Aryans conquered and took control of the cities of the Indus Valley The people of the Indus Valley had been weakened by famine The Aryans were strong warriors and also had advanced weapons and tools

Migration Route of Aryans 1500 BCE

Cultural Diffusion Cultural Diffusion- The spreading of culture Question #4 Cultural Diffusion Cultural Diffusion- The spreading of culture Ideas, technology, food, music, clothing, etc. The Aryans gave up their nomadic lifestyle and settled in India They brought their culture to India Over time, Aryan culture merged with the local culture

Impact of Aryan Culture Question #5 Impact of Aryan Culture The Aryans had major influence on Indian culture in 3 major areas Religion: Hinduism Written Language: Sanskrit Social Structure: Caste System

Hinduism The Hindu religion is based off several Aryan beliefs: Question #6 The Hindu religion is based off several Aryan beliefs: The belief in many gods and that these gods lived in nature The Vedas are sacred texts (similar to the Bible)

Hinduism Question #7 Today Hinduism is practiced by over 1 billion people and is the 3rd largest religion in the world It is also the oldest living religion in the world (Oldest religion that is still practiced- Over 3,000 years old)

Sanskrit- A written language Question #8 & #9 When the Aryans came to India, the people in India did not have a universal language The Aryans introduced Sanskrit and it spread throughout India The Vedas were written in Sanskrit

Caste System Question #10 The caste system in India has been around for over 2,000 years People are divided into social classes based on their occupation People remained in their castes for life There are 5 different levels within the Caste System

Caste System Question #11 Brahman- Priests and other holy men

Caste System Kshatriyas- Rulers, warriors, and land owners Question #12 Kshatriyas- Rulers, warriors, and land owners

Caste System Question #13 Vaishyas- Merchants and traders

Question #14 Caste System Shudras- Artisans and farmers

Caste System Question #15 Harijans- Outside the Caste System, known as “Untouchables”

Caste System Question #16 This was a dominant part of Indian culture until the mid-1900s when it was made illegal Although it is illegal, it is still followed in India as an unspoken rule Gandhi fought for the rights of “untouchables”

8) Which statement best explains why the Aryans’ settlement in India helped in the creation of a written form of their language? Once the Aryans had taken control of India, they developed a bureaucracy that needed to keep good records to control the vast territory. B) The peoples that the Aryans conquered already had an alphabet that the Aryans adopted for their own language once they had taken control. C) By giving up their nomadic lifestyle, the Aryans were able to develop a settled way of life that made it possible to develop their culture further. D) Prior to the Aryans’ arrival in India, Sanskrit was mostly spoken by priests, who had no need to transmit their ideas to other members of society.

Review Write a complete sentence with the correct answer Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa were built on the _______ river. The earliest known civilization in India was known as the ______ _____. The city of Mohenjo-Daro was laid out on a____ with straight streets that crossed at right angles. What was Mohenjo-Daro’s greatest technology? What is one reason Mohenjo-Daro declined?