Sedimentary Rocks are formed at or near the Earth’s surface No heat and pressure involved Strata – layers of rock Stratification – the process in which.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Sedimentary Rocks CH 3 Prentice Hall p
Advertisements

Sedimentary Rock Chapter 4 Section 3.
SEDIMENTARY ROCK. BIG Idea Most rocks are formed from pre-existing rocks through external and internal geologic processes.
CHAPTER 6 SEDIMENTARY ROCKS.
§6-1 “ Sedimentary Rock” First Go over Chapter 5 interactive notes & then:
Sedimentary Rocks Chapter 4 Section 4.
Sedimentary Rock c. Classify rocks by their process of formation.
Sedimentary Rocks.
Sedimentary Rocks deposition. Origin of Sedimentary Rocks Most common rocks on the earth are igneous. 2 nd common sedimentary.
 Deposits of material left by wind, water, or moving ice.
Rocks that are formed in flat layers called strata
Sedimentary Rocks. DID YOU KNOW? 75% of rocks exposed at Earths surface are sedimentary Sedimentary rocks form in various regions oceans, lakes, rivers,
 A rock is a naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals, or organic matter  Rocks are classified by how they are formed, their composition,
2.4 Sedimentary Rocks.
Sedimentary Rocks Sandstone.
Rock Cycle – Sedimentary Rocks. What Rocks Tell Us Rock TypeHow ClassifiedWhat it Tells Us Igneous CompositionTectonic Setting TextureCooling History.
Sedimentary Rocks After completing this section, students will identify sedimentary rocks and explain how they are formed (Standard PI – 024)
SEDIMENTARY ROCK Mod E. U.3 L.3. Definition Rock that forms when sediments are compacted and cemented together.
Classifying Rocks.
Rocks and Rolls. Rocks Nearly all rocks are composed of one or more minerals Geologists classify rocks according to how they were formed –Sedimentary.
Sedimentary Rocks Chapter 4 Section 4. Sedimentary Rocks Sediments are loose materials like rock fragments, mineral grains, and bits of shell. Sediments.
AIM: How are Sedimentary Rocks Formed? Do Now: Take out your ESRT and turn to page 7. Look at the chart called Scheme for Sedimentary Rock identification.
SEDIMENTARY ROCK.
Sedimentary Rocks. Sedimentary Rock  Rock that is formed from parts of other rocks that are compressed and cemented together or as dissolved minerals.
Sedimentary Rocks.
Earth Materials Sedimentary Rocks. I. Sedimentary rocks are formed from pieces of other rock; from organic material; or from chemicals out of solution.
Sedimentary Rocks. Sedimentary Rocks are #1 Earth’s crust was made of IGNEOUS rocks But 75% of the rocks on the Earth’s crust are SEDIMENTARY! Why?
 Formed from sediments.  Sediments - rock fragments, mineral grains, or animal & plant remains.
Section 3: Sedimentary Rocks
Earth Science Daily Challenge, 12/11 What are the rocks around here like? Describe some of their characteristics.
Bell Ringer What type of rock is formed when you melt a rock (magma or lava) and then cool it?  Igneous  Sedimentary  Metamorphic.
Aim: How can we explain sedimentary rock formation?
CHAPTER 6.3 SEDIMENTARY ROCKS.
4-3 Sedimentary Rock—usually forms under water
Coulter. Sediment is small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or living things. Most sedimentary rocks are formed through a series of processes:
CHAPTER 6-3 SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
Rocks & Minerals. Minerals are the ingredients of rocks like ingredients make up a cake.
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS There are 2 ways sedimentary rocks are formed 1. Clastic are made from sediments glued together 2. Non-clastic : not glued together---include.
- 75% of the rocks exposed at the surface are sedimentary rocks.
Graphic Organizer Notes
Unit D Chapter 2 “Rocks and the Rock Cycle” Lesson 2 Pgs D48-D53
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS SEDIMENTARY ROCKS WILL CONTAIN FOSSILS.
Sedimentary Rocks Forms when particles of rocks, plants, or animals are cemented together.
Assignment# 10 Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks.
DO NOW Pick up notes and Review #33..
Sedimentary Rock.
Sedimentary Rocks.
Sedimentary Rocks.
Weathering of ________ Calcium Carbonate _______
Sedimentary Rocks.
Sedimentary Rock.
Graphic Organizer Notes
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS.
SEDIMENTARY ROCK Mod E. U.3 L.3.
Graphic Organizer Notes
Sedimentary Rock.
Chapter 2 Section 4: Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary Rock Chapter 4 Section 3.
Earth Science Chapter 3 Section 3
Weathering Homework.
Sedimentary Rocks.
Sedimentary Rocks.
Sediment Sediment Sediment Sediment Sediment Sedimentary rock
Sedimentary Rocks.
Chapter 3 Section 5 How are sedimentary rocks classified?
SEDIMENTARY ROCK Mod E. U.3 L.3.
4-3 Sedimentary Rock… usually forms under water
Sedimentary Rocks.
Graphic Organizer Notes
Presentation transcript:

Sedimentary Rocks are formed at or near the Earth’s surface No heat and pressure involved Strata – layers of rock Stratification – the process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers Sedimentary Rocks

SEDIMENTARY ROCKS FORM IN LAYERS CALLED STRATA Oldest rocks are on the bottom….youngest on top

This is a good example of Stratification

SEDIMENTARY ROCKS There are 2 ways sedimentary rocks are formed 1. Clastic are made from sediments glued together 2. Non-clastic : not glued together---include chemical & biochemical/organic SEDIMENTARY ROCKS MAY CONTAIN FOSSILS.

1.CLASTIC Sedimentary Rocks formed from the processes of weathering, erosion (transportation ), deposition, then lithification. 2.Lithification is the process of compaction and cementation of the clasts, or particles from weathering. THE 2 CLASSES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

The 2 types of weathering include physical (only size changes) and chemical (a new substance is formed). Weathering

Sediments range in size from tiny pieces of clay to sand, to pebbles, and to stuff as big as boulders Sediments can be angular to rounded, and well or poorly sorted

Here’s How They Form: Layers of sediment are deposited at the bottom of oceans and lakes As the layers build one on top of another, the pressure on the bottom layers COMPACTS the sediments together In the empty spaces between sediments, natural glues, like calcite, CEMENT the sediments together Demo of Sedimentator

Look at the processes that are occurring in this animation

Clastic Process

Examples of clastic sedimentary rocks include CONGLOMERATE BRECCIA SANDSTONE SHALE

Clastic sedimentary rocks are classified by their grain size, and shape of the grains.

Conglomerate – course, rounded clasts > 2mm Breccia – course, angular clasts >2mm Sandstone – clasts fine to course, >0.05 mm to <2 mm (cemented sand), occurs in many colors. Feels gritty. Common Clastic Rocks age3458.html

Common Clastic Rocks Siltstone – fine grained, clasts smaller than sandstone <0.05 mm, occurs in many colors due to composition or staining from surrounding minerals. Feels smooth or powdery Shale – made from clay, grains are small and flat. Breaks into thin pieces with sharp edges. Usually gray, brown, reddish brown or green.

2.Non-Clastic contain 2 types: chemical and biochemical Sedimentary Rocks made from mineral crystals that formed from chemical or biochemical deposition. Here’s How They Form: The water in the oceans, lakes, and underground is often full of dissolved minerals like halite and calcite. Water evaporates leaving the solids behind: rock salt is formed when salt is left after evaporation and limestone is formed when calcite is left behind

Limestone Cave Chemical Sedimentary Rocks are also formed in caves where mineral-rich water drips from the ceiling, creating stalactites and stalagmites made out of limestone Limestone Examples of chemical sedimentary rocks include limestone and rock salt

BIOCHEMICAL OR ORGANIC Sedimentary Rocks are made from remains of once-living plants or animals (organic matter) COQUINA Made from shells CHALK Made from dead animals Biochemical sedimentary rocks include: coquina, chalk, coal and limestone this is the sedimentary rock type with the most fossils will be found near areas of lots of biological activity COAL Made from dead plants LIMESTONE with fossils in it

In Summation: 1. Sedimentary rocks form 3 ways: 1. _________ --compacted & cemented 2. _____________ : Chemically or Biochemically deposited 2. Sedimentary rocks are found in flat layers or _______ 3. _______ (remains of plants and animals) are found in Sedimentary Rocks. 4. ____________is formed both chemically and organically. Clastic strata Fossils Limestone Non-Clastic

5. Clastic rocks are made of _____________, examples are conglomerates, sandstone and shale 6.Chemically formed sedimentary rocks form from _____________ ocean water, which leaves behind evaporates like ___________, or from precipitates. 7.Some common sedimentary rocks are: sediments evaporating rock salt Shale, limestone, sandstone, siltstone, coal, chalk, coquina, breccia, conglomerate

sedimentary reviewsedimentary review/