Chemistry 1. Study of matter and what matter does. 2. Study of small “stuff” and what that stuff does on a very small scale.

Classifying Matter: Elements, Atoms, Compounds, Mixtures, and Solutions

Matter Pure SubstanceMixture ElementCompound

Matter Anything that has mass or takes up space(volume). All matter is made of atoms and molecules.

All matter can be classified into two groups: Pure Substances Mixtures

Pure Substance Made ONLY of elements! Cannot be separated physically Ex: Water Sugar Aluminum Salt

Element Made only of 1 type of atom cannot be separated into simpler substance by physical or chemical means.

Atoms A unit of matter. The smallest unit of an element, that keeps the properties of that element. Made of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Compound Two or more elements chemically combined. (forms a new substance) Can only be separated by a chemical reaction. (chemical bonds get broken) Examples: H2OH2O HCl (hydrochlori c acid) C 6 H 12 O 6 (sugar)

Using your group members as atoms… Create a carbon monoxide compound and an oxygen molecule: O O

Molecules a group of atoms bonded together in a set ratio. Ex: H 2 (same element bonded together) molecule…not a compound

Using your group members as atoms… Create a water molecule: Besides 2:1, how will we be able to tell that they H and O atoms are different?

AtomsMolecules Unit of matter Smallest unit of an element Made of: protons, electrons, and neutrons Hydrogen Atom Group of atoms bonded together in a set ratio Compound: different elements bonded

Mixture(Homogenous or Heterogeneous) Can be made of elements and/or other non- pure substances. Physically combined Can only be physically separated Examples: melted together, mixed together in container No new substance is formed Each item in the mixture keeps its own properties.

Solution Type of mixture All substances evenly distributed Examples: sugar water, salt water, bronze (copper and zinc are melted together)

Combine Groups 1-4 and 5-8 Using your group members as atoms… Create a model of a mixture and a model of a solution.

Identify the following examples… Remember… An element is one type of atom. A molecule is atoms bonded together. A compound contains two or more different kinds of atoms joined together. A compound IS a molecule. A mixture contains two or more different substances that are only physically joined together, not chemically. A solution is a mixture where all the substances are mixed together evenly. A solution IS a mixture.

We are up to 114 / 118 Oooh…loo k at Mexico, representin ’

Copper Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Copper Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Copper Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Jelly Beans Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Jelly Beans Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Hydrogen in an Hydrogen Airship Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Hydrogen in a Hydrogen Airship

Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution? Hint: There is more than one correct answer! Hydrogen in a Hydrogen Airship

Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution? Hydrogen in a Hydrogen Airship

Granite (a type of rock) Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Granite (a type of rock) Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Table Sugar Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Table Sugar Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Table Sugar Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution? Hint: There is more than one correct answer!

Table Sugar Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Diamond Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Diamond Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Diamond Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Tea Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Tea Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution? Hint: There is more than one correct answer!

Tea Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Salt Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Salt Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Salt Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution? Hint: There is more than one correct answer!

Salt Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Neon Gas Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Neon Gas Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Neon Gas Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Salad Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Salad Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Pure Water Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Pure Water Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Pure Water Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution? Hint: There is more than one correct answer!

Pure Water Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Aluminum Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Aluminum Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Aluminum Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Lemonade Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Lemonade Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution? Hint: There is more than one correct answer!

Lemonade Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Silver Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Silver Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Silver Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Sand Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Sand Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Oxygen Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Oxygen Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Oxygen Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution? Hint: There is more than one correct answer!

Oxygen Element, Molecule, Compound, Mixture or Solution?

Br 2 I 2 N 2 Cl 2 H 2 O 2 F 2 … Brinclhof HOFBrINCl

Draw each diagram next to its correct description. Include the definition Let’s Review!

_____ 1. Pure element – only one type of atom present _____ 2. Mixture of two elements – two types of atoms, with the two types not bonded together _____ 3. Pure compound – only one type of compound present _____ 4. Mixture of two compounds – two types of compounds present _____ 5. Mixture of a compound and an element

Check your answers

Bonus…What would a diagram of a Solution of a molecule and a compound look like?

1. ___Pail of Garbage 2. ___A dog 3. ___(2) Ammonia (NH 3 ) 4. ___(2) Kool-aid 5. ___(2) Salt (NaCl) 6. ___Energy 7. ___Gold (Au) 8. ___Pizza 9. ___(2) Dry Ice (CO 2 ) 10. ___(2) Baking Soda (NaHCO 3 ) 11. ___Titanium (Ti) 12. ___(2) Iced Tea 13. ___(2) Oxygen (O 2 ) Classify each as elements (E), molecules (M), compounds (C), mixtures (Mx), or solutions (S). Draw this if it is none of these. Where you see a (2) there are two correct answers; write both. One Final Bit O’ Review

1. _Mx_Pail of Garbage 2. _Mx_A dog 3. _M/C_Ammonia (NH 3 ) 4. _Mx/S_Kool-Aid 5. _M/C_Salt (NaCl) 6. _ _Energy 7. _E_Gold (Au) 8. _Mx_Pizza 9. _M/C_Dry Ice (CO 2 ) 10. _M/C_Baking Soda (NaHCO 3 ) 11. _E_Titanium (Ti) 12. _Mx/S_Iced Tea 13. _ E/M _Oxygen (O 2 ) Correct any answers you missed

Soon you will be separating a mixture using all of your smart-pantsiness. Let’s look at some examples and brainstorm ideas on how you could separate the following mixtures.

Mixture #1: fruit salad

Mixture #2: Salt Water

Mixture #3: mud puddle (Dirt and water) *Not the kid!

Mixture #4: Italian salad dressing

Mixture #4: Italian salad dressing: oil vinegar water garlic sugar salt pepper

Methods for separating mixtures

Filtration-ex: water from sand…solid from liquid Distillation/Evaporation –(boiling points, solute, solvent) ex: oil and water; salt and water Sifting-smaller from larger objects ex: sand from larger rocks Picking out with hands-ex: carrots out of a salad Magnet-for separating magnetic objects out ex: nails from rocks, iron filings from sand Chromatography-one color from a mixture of colors-ex: separating colors from black ink